Akbar Zare' Shahabadi; Fatemeh Ebrahimi Sadrabadi
Volume 4, Issue 13 , February 2014, , Pages 1-22
Abstract
Diabetes refers to complex chronic metabolic conditions that are characterized by elevated levelsof blood glucose if untreated. Diabetes is one of the biggest health problems faced with many people living in Yazd. The disease rate in Yazd is twice as high as the country’s average rate. Patient's ...
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Diabetes refers to complex chronic metabolic conditions that are characterized by elevated levelsof blood glucose if untreated. Diabetes is one of the biggest health problems faced with many people living in Yazd. The disease rate in Yazd is twice as high as the country’s average rate. Patient's self-care behaviors have a major role in diabetes management. Such self-care activities can be exceedingly demanding and often require fundamental lifestyle changes. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of cognitive factors in controlling and treating type 2 diabetes. The statistical society of the study included 4990 diabetic patients who referred to Yazd Diabetes Research Center. A sample of 256 patients was selected using Cochran’s formula and simple random sampling. Subjects then had structured interviews. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, ttest, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. Significant correlations were found between self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, duration of the disease and adherence to self-care. Adherence to self-care activities was greater among older, moreeducated and upper-income patients. Also, a total of 27% of variance in self-care behavior can be explained by duration of diabetes and selfefficacy.
Mosayyeb Yārmohammadi-Vāsel; Fātemeh Qāemi; Fātemeh Qannādi
Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 2012, , Pages 3-39
Abstract
Therapeutic Community Approach (TC) knows the problem to exist within the person not in drugs. This approach also considers addiction as a disease that encompasses the whole personality of the addict; therefore, the problem that should be targeted is the addict not the drug. The main goal of treatment ...
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Therapeutic Community Approach (TC) knows the problem to exist within the person not in drugs. This approach also considers addiction as a disease that encompasses the whole personality of the addict; therefore, the problem that should be targeted is the addict not the drug. The main goal of treatment is to make changes in the attitudes, behavior, values and thoughts of the patient, to make them consistent with a healthy lifestyle and to reinforce their clean time.
Therapeutic community is a treatment protocol developed based on concepts and treatments relating to social learning, and issues of cognitivism, behaviorism, Gestalt psychology, humanism, and psychoanalysis; it can, therefore, create multi-dimensional changes in the drug abuser. In TC, recovery requires rehabilitation, relearning or re-establishment of abilities to make possible a positive life aimed at achievement of physical and emotional health.
While the number of patients admitted to TC may vary between 30 and 2000, clinical experience has shown that the number of 40-80 patients in the TC may have the best efficiency. Community in TC comprises the four basic components of social context, social expectations, social assessment and social feedback. TC period for patients consists of the five phases of orientation, treatment, pre-reentry, reentry and follow-up. Data analysis has shown TC to be an approach that helps people with problems of substance abuse and comorbid psychological disorders. Meanwhile, the results demonstrated the effectiveness of TC on mental symptoms including depression, paranoid thoughts, morbid symptoms, obsession-compulsion, aggressive crimes, criminal behavior, physical complaint, problem in social relationship, and anxiety disorder. As a result, therapeutic community interventions can be helpful for people with drug abuse and comorbid psychological disorders.
