per
دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
مطالعات روانشناسی بالینی
2322-3189
2476-6410
2019-01-21
9
33
1
24
10.22054/jcps.2019.35742.1969
9681
Research Paper
Effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy on Dysfunctional Beliefs, Inflated Sense of Responsibility, and Intolerance of Uncertainty in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy on Dysfunctional Beliefs, Inflated Sense of Responsibility, and Intolerance of Uncertainty in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Azam Nayebaghayee
nayebaghaei@iaukhomein.ac.ir
1
Seyed Ali Aleyasin
aleyasin_psychology@yahoo.com
2
Hassan Heidari
heidarihassan@yahoo.com
3
Hosein Davodi
davudi18@yahoo.com
4
Department of General Psychology, Khomein Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomein, Iran.
Assistant Professor, Department of clinical Psychology, Ashtian Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ashtian, Iran.
Associate Professor, Department of Counseling and Psychology, Khomein Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomein, Iran.
Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling and Psychology, Khomein Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomein, Iran.
The present study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on dysfunctional beliefs, inflated sense of responsibility, and intolerance of uncertainty in patients with obsessive compulsive-disorder (OCD). The design used in the present study is semi-experimental, pretest-posttest with control group and a tree-month follow-up stage. The statistical population consisted of all patients with OCD in Mahallat, a city located in Markazi province, Iran in 2018. The participants first screened by using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then sixteen patients with OCD selected as the sample of the study through available sampling method and assigned randomly into two groups: one experimental group and one control group (eight patients in each group). Each participant in the experimental group received 12 treatment sessions according to Well's metacognitive therapy method for OCD. The participants were measured both before and after interventions as well as three months later in the follow-up phase by the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Yale-BOCS; Goodman, 1989), the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-44; OCCWG, 2005), the Salkovskis Responsibility Attitude Scale (RAS; Salkovskis, 2000) and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS; Feriston, 1994). Data analyzed by multivariate co-variance analysis. The results indicated that metacognitive therapy had a significant effect on reducing dysfunctional beliefs, the inflated sense of responsibility and the variable intolerance of uncertainty (p˂0.050), and its effect remained three months after treatment (p˂0.050). The findings of the study support the effect of metacognitive therapy in improving the dysfunctional beliefs, inflated sense of responsibility and uncertainty of intolerance in patients with OCD.
The present study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on dysfunctional beliefs, inflated sense of responsibility, and intolerance of uncertainty in patients with obsessive compulsive-disorder (OCD). The design used in the present study is semi-experimental, pretest-posttest with control group and a tree-month follow-up stage. The statistical population consisted of all patients with OCD in Mahallat, a city located in Markazi province, Iran in 2018. The participants first screened by using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then sixteen patients with OCD selected as the sample of the study through available sampling method and assigned randomly into two groups: one experimental group and one control group (eight patients in each group). Each participant in the experimental group received 12 treatment sessions according to Well's metacognitive therapy method for OCD. The participants were measured both before and after interventions as well as three months later in the follow-up phase by the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Yale-BOCS; Goodman, 1989), the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-44; OCCWG, 2005), the Salkovskis Responsibility Attitude Scale (RAS; Salkovskis, 2000) and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS; Feriston, 1994). Data analyzed by multivariate co-variance analysis. The results indicated that metacognitive therapy had a significant effect on reducing dysfunctional beliefs, the inflated sense of responsibility and the variable intolerance of uncertainty (p˂0.050), and its effect remained three months after treatment (p˂0.050). The findings of the study support the effect of metacognitive therapy in improving the dysfunctional beliefs, inflated sense of responsibility and uncertainty of intolerance in patients with OCD.
https://jcps.atu.ac.ir/article_9681_4590b20835314b98740dc31bf7e024c9.pdf
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Dysfunctional beliefs
Inflated sense of responsibility
Intolerance of uncertainty
Metacognitive Therapy
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Dysfunctional beliefs
Inflated sense of responsibility
Intolerance of uncertainty
Metacognitive Therapy
per
دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
مطالعات روانشناسی بالینی
2322-3189
2476-6410
2019-01-21
9
33
25
44
10.22054/jcps.2019.36802.2019
9682
Research Paper
Integration of the Existed Knowledge on DMN: A Critical Review Study
Integration of the Existed Knowledge on DMN: A Critical Review Study
Hoda Purrezaian
h.purrezaian@ut.ac.ir
1
Javad Hatami
hatamijm@ut.ac.ir
2
Ph.D. Candidate in Health Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, e-mail: h.p209@yahoo.com
Associate Professor, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
The default-mode network (DMN) is one of the human brain’s networks activated in resting and self-referential thinking states. The nature of this network and its normal or abnormal changes has been the subject of various studies. The aim of this study was to systematical review and integrating the findings of that studies focused on the relationship of DMN with mental disorders and aging-induced changes in it. Of the more than 100 evidences found, 32 studies in each of two specific subjects (psychopathologicaland aging-related changes of DMN) were selected and scientifically mentioned the most important results of them. Based on the findings, some of the mental disorders including major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and Alzheimer disease are associated with functional or connectional abnormalities in DMN. Aging can cause functional changes in the activation or deactivation of the DMN’s regions or inter/intra-network connectivity of this network. Although most of studies have a pathological perspective on DMN changes; one article pointed out the positive role of DMN changes during aging in terms of emotion regulation.
The default-mode network (DMN) is one of the human brain’s networks activated in resting and self-referential thinking states. The nature of this network and its normal or abnormal changes has been the subject of various studies. The aim of this study was to systematical review and integrating the findings of that studies focused on the relationship of DMN with mental disorders and aging-induced changes in it. Of the more than 100 evidences found, 32 studies in each of two specific subjects (psychopathological and aging-related changes of DMN) were selected and scientifically mentioned the most important results of them. Based on the findings, some of the mental disorders including major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and Alzheimer disease are associated with functional or connectional abnormalities in DMN. Aging can cause functional changes in the activation or deactivation of the DMN’s regions or inter/intra-network connectivity of this network. Although most of studies have a pathological perspective on DMN changes; one article pointed out the positive role of DMN changes during aging in terms of emotion regulation.
https://jcps.atu.ac.ir/article_9682_78b155a1400d1c2d33dc3af0f1589fee.pdf
Default Mode Network (DMN)
DMN’s subsystems
Functions of DMN’s subsystems
Psychopathological changes in DMN
Aging-related alterations of DMN
Default Mode Network (DMN)
DMN’s subsystems
the functions of DMN’s subsystems
Psychopathological changes in DMN
Aging-related alterations of DMN
per
دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
مطالعات روانشناسی بالینی
2322-3189
2476-6410
2019-01-21
9
33
45
62
10.22054/jcps.2019.38496.2057
9683
Research Paper
Identifying Early Maladaptive Schema of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
Identifying Early Maladaptive Schema of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Mosaieb Yarmohammadi Vasel
yarmohamadivasel@yahoo.com
1
yasaman savari
yas_savari@yahoo.com
2
mohammad rasekh mahand
mrasekhmahand@yahoo.com
3
Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Economic and Social Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran,
M.A in Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Economic and Social Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
Professor, Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Literature, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
Cognitive models of depression propose that negative schemas and Early Maladaptive Schema contribute to depressive symptoms. The purpose of this study is to identify the early maladaptive Schema of patients with depression disorder. The method of study is descriptive. Research statistics involves all patients with depression disorder who have come to the counseling centers of Tehran and Hamadan. The method of sample choosing is stratified sampling. This study was conducted among 120 patients with depression disorder. Instruments in this study were included Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Short Form of Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ). The analysis of the results showed high correlation between early maladaptive schema and symptoms of depression disorder (P < 0.05).Regression analysis showed that early maladaptive schema of social isolation/alienation, enmeshment/undeveloped self andemotional inhibitionwere independent predictors of depression disorder. The results of the present study indicate that identifying schema of depression in patients can help them understand the predisposing factors of their problem.
Cognitive models of depression propose that negative schemas and Early Maladaptive Schema contribute to depressive symptoms. The purpose of this study is to identify the early maladaptive Schema of patients with depression disorder. The method of study is descriptive. Research Statistics involves all patients with depression disorder who have come to the counseling centers of Tehran and Hamadan. The method of Sample choosing is stratified sampling. This study conducted among 120 patients with depression disorder. Instruments in this study were included Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Short Form of Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ). The analysis of the results showed high correlation between early maladaptive Schema and symptoms of depression disorder (P < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that early maladaptive schema of social isolation/alienation, enmeshment/undeveloped self and emotional inhibition were independent predictors of depression disorder. The results of the present study indicates that identifying Schema of depression in patients can help them understand the predisposing factors their problem.
https://jcps.atu.ac.ir/article_9683_5798b695721eb59844c94f268c8e666c.pdf
Depression
Early Maladaptive Schema
Schema therapy
negative schemas
Major Depressive
Depression
Early Maladaptive Schema
Schema therapy
negative schemas
Major Depressive
per
دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
مطالعات روانشناسی بالینی
2322-3189
2476-6410
2019-01-21
9
33
63
78
10.22054/jcps.2019.35926.1975
9684
Research Paper
Schizotypal Traits among Patients with Schizophrenia, Their Non-Psychotic First-Degree Relatives, and Normal Controls
Schizotypal traits among schizophrenic patients, their non-psychotic first-degree relatives and normal controls
ali mohammadzadeh
a_mohammadzadeh@pnu.ac.ir
1
Vahid Khosravani
vahid.psy@gmail.com
2
Nadereh Mahdavai Heris
nadere.mah@gmail.com
3
Department of Psychology, Payam-e-Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Clinical Research Development Center of Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
M.A. in General Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran.
Evidence has suggested that risk for schizophrenia is likely to occur in non-psychotic first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia. On the other hand, schizotypal personality disorder is genetically related to schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to compare schizotypal traits (i.e., positive schizotypy, negative schizotypy, cognitive disorganization, and impulsive nonconformity) among patients with schizophrenia and their non-psychotic first-degree relatives as well as normal controls. Thirty-four patients with schizophrenia and 50 of their non-psychotic first-degree relatives as well as 34 normal controls were included in this study. The data were collected by the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences, short version (sO-LIFE). The results showed that the three groups were significantly different from each other regarding mean scores of schizotypal traits. Patients with schizophrenia and their non-psychotic first-degree relatives exceeded normal controls on schizotypal traits. Patients with schizophrenia had higher scores on total schizotypal traits, positive schizotypy, cognitive disorganization, and impulsive nonconformity than their non-psychotic first-degree relatives. The findings revealed that hereditary factors had an important role in the development of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and it is explainable by the stress-vulnerability model.
Background and objective: Evidence has suggested that risk for schizophrenia is likely to occur in non-psychotic first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia. On the other hand, schizotypal personality disorder is genetically related to schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to compare schizotypal traits (i.e., positive schizotypy, negative schizotypy, cognitive disorganization, and impulsive nonconformity) among patients with schizophrenia and their non-psychotic first-degree relatives as well as normal controls. Methods: Thirty-four patients with schizophrenia and 50 of their non-psychotic first-degree relatives as well as 34 normal controls were included in this study. The data were collected by the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences, short version (sO-LIFE). Results: The results showed that the three groups were significantly different from each other regarding mean scores of schizotypal traits. Patients with schizophrenia and their non-psychotic first-degree relatives exceeded normal controls on schizotypal traits. Patients with schizophrenia had higher scores on total schizotypal traits, positive schizotypy, cognitive disorganization, and impulsive nonconformity than their non-psychotic first-degree relatives. Conclusion: The findings revealed that hereditary factors had an important role in the development of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and it is explainable by the stress-vulnerability model.
https://jcps.atu.ac.ir/article_9684_ba88d18be3a02f22a12154e401bf8a5c.pdf
Schizophrenia
Schizotypal traits
First-degree relatives
Normal controls
Stress-vulnerability model
Schizophrenia
Schizotypal traits
First-degree relatives
Normal controls
Stress-vulnerability model
per
دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
مطالعات روانشناسی بالینی
2322-3189
2476-6410
2019-01-21
9
33
79
89
10.22054/jcps.2019.41370.2118
9685
Research Paper
The Effect of Training Spiritual Skills on Stress and Stressful Features of Nursing Mothers
The Effect of Training Spiritual Skills on Stress and Stressful Features of Nursing Mothers
Maryam Safara
safara_maryam@yahoo.com
1
mohamad hatami
hatami1338mohammad@gmail.com
2
farnoosh Pashangzadeh
mina.khanbabaee.psy@gmail.com
3
Assistant Professor, Al-Zahra University, Women's Research Center, Tehran, Iran,
Associate Professor at Kharazmi University, Department of Clinical Psychology, Tehran, Iran
M.A. in Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
Stress is one of the influential factors in people's performance. Job and existing conditions of working environment can cause stress. One of the jobs that due to its nature is causing too much stress is nursing job. Various factors are involved in reducing stress, of which are spiritual skills. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of training spiritual skills on stress and stressful features of nursing mothers. The study population of this semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test research design with control group, consisted of all female nurses of Milad Hospital (150 people) whom complete the questionnaire. 30 individuals with higher scores in stress were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Data collection tools include spiritual skill training package and Abidin parental stress index (PSI) with parental realm (54 items). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance method & Levin univariate ANOVA. The hypothesis that training spiritual skills is effective in reducing nursing mothers' job stress is confirmed (F=24.977; Df=1 and 27; Sig=0.001). The results of the study imply that spiritual skill training was influential in reducing stress and stressful features of nursing mothers
Stress is one of the effective factors in people's performance. Job and existing conditions of working environment can cause stress. One of the jobs that due to its nature is causing too much stress is nursing job. Various factors are involved in reducing stress, of which are spiritual skills. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of training spiritual skills on stress and stressful Features of Nursing mothers. The Study population of this semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test research design with control group, consisted of all female nurses of Milad Hospital (150 people) whom complete the questionnaire. 30 individuals with higher scores in stress were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Data collection tools include spiritual skill training package and abidin parental stress index (PSI) with parental realm (54 items). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance method & Levin univariate ANOVA. The hypothesis that training spiritual skills is effective in reducing nursing mothers' job stress is confirmed (F=24.977; Df=1 and 27; Sig=0.001). The results of the study imply that Spiritual skill training was effective in reducing stress and stressful features of nursing mothers. Keywords: Spiritual Therapies, Mothers, Nurses, Stress
https://jcps.atu.ac.ir/article_9685_57a4a8a3205d9ca7b1b13094701c5ce5.pdf
Stressful Features
Spiritual Therapies
mothers
Nurses
stress
Spiritual Therapies
mothers
Nurses
stress
Stressful Features
per
دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
مطالعات روانشناسی بالینی
2322-3189
2476-6410
2019-01-21
9
33
91
103
10.22054/jcps.2019.36697.2012
9686
Research Paper
Investigating the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Marital Conflicts of Coronary Artery Bypass Patients
Investigating the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on marital conflicts of coronary artery bypass Patients
Darioush Khaneiee
d.khaneie@edu.ui.ac.ir
1
Rezvanossadat Jazayeri
jazayeriphd@gmail.com
2
Fatemeh Bahrami
bahrami.f@edu.ui.ac.ir
3
Nafiseh Montazeri
n.montazeri@kums.ac.ir
4
Ozra Etemadi
o.etemadi@edu.ui.ac.ir
5
Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Iran
Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Iran
Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Iran
Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Iran
Assistant Professor, Cardiology Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Science
Adequate reduction of marital conflicts in cardiovascular disease patients helps them cope better with their conditions, as well as improve their quality of life. The aim of this empirical study was to investigate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on marital conflicts in cardiac patients with a history of coronary artery bypass. The method of this research was semi-experimental with pre- and post-test with a control group. Participants were 30 patients, who were selected through convenience sampling. Participants administered the Marital Conflict Questionnaire (Sanai, Alaghband, Falahati, & Hooman, 2009) as pre- and post-test. Finally, 30 individuals who had the highest scores in the marital conflict questionnaire were selected and randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control (n=15). To analyze the data, the ANCOVA test was used. The findings of this study indicated that there was a statistically significant effect on the experimental group on the following sub-scales: decreased cooperation, dividing financial affairs and marital conflict. It could be concluded that ACT-based training intervention was effective of the above-mentioned subscales and could be used to reduce marital conflicts in patients with patients with a history of coronary artery bypass. This study indicates the importance of education, as well as psychological interventions as an essential part of the recovery process.
adequate reduction of marital conflicts in Cardiovascular disease patients helps them cope better with their conditions, as well as improve their quality of life. The aim of this empirical study was to investigate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on marital conflicts in Cardiac patients with a history of coronary artery bypass. The method of this research was semi-experimental with pre- and post-test with a control group. Participants were 30 patients, who were selected through convenience sampling. Participants were administered the Marital Conflict Questionnaire (Sanai, Alaghband, Falahati, & Hooman, 2009) as pre- and post-test. Finally, 30 individuals who had the highest scores in the marital conflict questionnaire were selected and randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control (n=15). To analyze the data, the ANCOVA test was used. The findings of this study indicated that there was a statistically significant effect on the experimental group on the following sub-scales: decreased cooperation, dividing financial affairs and marital conflict. It could be concluded that ACT-based training intervention was effective of the above-mentioned subscales and could be used to reduce marital conflicts in patients with patients with a history of coronary artery bypass. This study indicates the importance of education, as well as psychological interventions as an essential part of the recovery process.
https://jcps.atu.ac.ir/article_9686_c5792ca7da9eb76cd59ed1be088a6cb6.pdf
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
emotionally focused
marital conflicts
coronary artery bypass
Patients
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
emotionally focused
marital conflicts
coronary artery bypass, Patients