masoomeh parpanji; ali delavar; noorali farrokhi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to design a comprehensive mental health promotion model in girls' schools in Tehran. Method: The research method is a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) method. The statistical population of this study included all students of Tehran girls' schools who were studying in the ...
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The purpose of this study was to design a comprehensive mental health promotion model in girls' schools in Tehran. Method: The research method is a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) method. The statistical population of this study included all students of Tehran girls' schools who were studying in the academic year of 96-97. The sample consisted of 150 female students in Tehran who were selected by cluster random sampling method. The instruments used included General Health Questionnaire, Neo Characteristics, Family Valuation, Social Support, and Economic and Educational Factors. Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that personality trait (0.63) was more than other factors, family relationships (0.43), social factors (0.37), and educational factors (0.51) could explain the variance of mental health in students. Family relationships play a decisive role in mental health of students. Among family factors, the component of emotional reactions in the family with a coefficient of 0.75 was able to play a more important role. There is a significant relationship between educational achievement and students' health at the level of 0.001. The coefficient of behavior of teachers with mental health of students is equal to 0.59 and significant. Also, the coefficient of school staffing path with mental health of students is equal to 0.51 and significant. educational factors such as the behavior of teachers and school staff can play an effective role in improving mental health of students. Also, out of a variety of personality traits, the extraversion feature is able to predict mental health of students with a coefficient of 0.46, as compared to other characteristics. B it can be suggested by holding workshops and related educational programs for students (providing leaflets), while clarifying the effect of different factors on their mental health, to address the deficiencies in walked this field.
Behzad Salmani; jafar hasani; hamidreza hassanabadi; Shahram Mohammad-Khani; Afshin Ahmadvand
Abstract
Introduction: Aim of the study was to comparing efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy with or without and Zolpidem 10 mg. on dysfunctional cognitions & metacognitions in people with chronic insomnia disorder. Method: The multiple baselines single case design was used for the research. After taking ...
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Introduction: Aim of the study was to comparing efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy with or without and Zolpidem 10 mg. on dysfunctional cognitions & metacognitions in people with chronic insomnia disorder. Method: The multiple baselines single case design was used for the research. After taking diagnostic interview, six patients with chronic insomnia who met inclusive criteria randomly assigned to three group included cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy with metacognitive techniques & pharmacotherapy. All of patients assessed six times by 10-item dysfunctional beliefs & attitudes about sleep & metacognition questionnaires. Data were analyzing using interpretation of changes of variables in the graph, effect size and diagnostic recovery. Results: Adding metacognitive techniques to cognitive behavioral therapy could increases its efficacy. Effect sized of all interventions was proved that cognitive behavioral therapy with metacognitive techniques has the most effect size on dysfunctional metacognitions. Both of psychological therapies decrease dysfunctional beliefs & attitudes about sleep. Pharmacotherapy in particular 1 & 3 month follow-up hadn't high efficacy. Conclusion: Adding metacognition techniques to gold standard in treatment of insomnia increases the treatment. The results continue even three month after discontinuing.
Khadijeh Zalpour; Shahriar Shahidi; Fariba Zarrani; Mohammad Ali Mazaheri; Mahmood Heidari
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare aggression and interpersonal problems in students with and without vulnerable and grandiose narcissistic traits. In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 90 students was selected using Pathological Narcissistic Inventory. Aggression Questionare (AQ) and Inventory ...
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The aim of this study was to compare aggression and interpersonal problems in students with and without vulnerable and grandiose narcissistic traits. In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 90 students was selected using Pathological Narcissistic Inventory. Aggression Questionare (AQ) and Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using MANOVA. The results showed that students with narcissistic traits report more aggression and interpersonal problems except in verbal aggression. These results show that grandiose and vulnerable narcissism are different self-states of the same pathology and emphasize vulnerability symptoms in DSM criteria for NPD.
Marmyam Radi; Farideh Hosseinsabet; Ahmad Borjali
Volume 4, Issue 15 , January 2015, , Pages 43-60
Abstract
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and God image. To do so, 125 students of Shiraz University were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. The instruments used in this study consisted of the Young Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire ...
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and God image. To do so, 125 students of Shiraz University were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. The instruments used in this study consisted of the Young Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire —Short Form (SQ-SF) and Lawrence’s God Image Scale (GIS) (Lawrence, 1997; Sadeghi, 1384).Results showed that there was no significant relationship between early maladaptive schemas and image of God. Despite the lack of significant correlation between total scores of maladaptive schemas and image of God, there was a negative and significant relationship between social isolation, compliance and strict standards schemas with God image. Other maladaptive schemas did not show significant relationship with God image. These results indicate that those who think God is very controlling have negative emotional responses to God. That is, someone who feels that they are powerless and dependent and nothing is under their control shapes a negative image of God.
Ahmad Borjali; Raheleh Siah Kamari; Mohammad Jalalvand; sohaila shaii arani; Yousef Aazami
Abstract
The present study is aimed at dealing with stress management strategies and impulsivity in opiate abusers, sedative and stimulus is conducted. In the study, a causal-comparative method was adopted. Research participants included 180 drug users inhabiting the already determined addiction centers in Shiraz. ...
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The present study is aimed at dealing with stress management strategies and impulsivity in opiate abusers, sedative and stimulus is conducted. In the study, a causal-comparative method was adopted. Research participants included 180 drug users inhabiting the already determined addiction centers in Shiraz. They were selected using Available random sampling. To collect the data, stress management strategies and impulsivity scales were employed, and to analyze the results, descriptive statistical methods and variance analysis were used. The results indicated that abuse stimulating consumers significantly more than consumers emotion-centered use of opioids and moderator of coping strategies virgin (0.007), but abusers response-moderator (0.26) and opioids - moderator (0.43) were not significantly different. As well as the construction abusers significantly greater impulsivity as compared to the stimulus (0.012) and opioids (0.005) showed, but stimulants and opioids two groups had no significant differences in impulsivity variables (0.94). It can be said that the research is based on the type of substance, in terms of coping with stress and control of their impulsivity, of consumers stimulants other than using virgin materials more negatively of coping with stress and drug abuse-moderator of impulsivity than other people are experiencing abuse.
Homa Rezaei
Volume 4, Issue 16 , December 2014, , Pages 49-77
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to compare the decrease ofdepression level resulted by two different treatments of logo therapyand REBT applied on MS patients.Method: Three groups ...
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Objective: The present study aims to compare the decrease ofdepression level resulted by two different treatments of logo therapyand REBT applied on MS patients.Method: Three groups of subjects, each consisting of 12 people,were selected from among MS patients at Sina Clinic. They wererandomly assigned into two experimental groups and one controlgroup. The experimental groups received REBT group sessions, andno psychotherapy was given to the control group. The data wascollected using Beck Depression Inventory which was performedthree times (including pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages). Thedata was then analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Scheffe Test. Results: The results proved the effectiveness of both methods inreducing the level of depression in MS patients as well as its durabilityfor three months. Moreover, logo therapy was more helpful indecreasing depression that REBT. Therefore, both methods, especiallygroup logo therapy, are recommended to apply for treating MSpatients
Mohsen Golmohammadian
Volume 5, Issue 17 , May 2015, , Pages 49-75
Abstract
one of the most relevant problems of learners is procrastination. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the Big five factors (Neuroticism, Extroversion, Openness to experience, Agreeableness & Conscientiousness) and academic procrastination in athletic students. ...
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one of the most relevant problems of learners is procrastination. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the Big five factors (Neuroticism, Extroversion, Openness to experience, Agreeableness & Conscientiousness) and academic procrastination in athletic students. In this regards, from statistical population (all female and male students in Payamnor University, Islamabad Gharb center), 120 students were selected with goal-oriented sampling method. Instruments were procrastination scale and (NEO (NEO-PI-R five-factor inventory. The data were analyzed with correlation coefficient, multiple liner regression and independent sample t- test. Result showed that; there is significant relationship between personality factors (the big five) and procrastination. Moreover, Results indicated that Neuroticism and Extroversion can predict procrastination in all students. But Conscientiousness and Neuroticism were good predictors of procrastination in female. Also there is a significant difference between female and male students in the level of procrastination. Finally there is no significant difference between married and single students groups in level of procrastination. In according to prevalence of academic procrastination and its influences on students, an intervention for enhancing self regulation and self management in student is necessary.
saeed musavi pour; mahmud golzari
Abstract
This research is about effectiveness of therapeutic community on attribute style change of addicts. For this purpose two groups were selected. Experimental group is 25 addict persons from hejrat therapeutic community institute and 28 addict persons as control group that were selected from shahid family ...
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This research is about effectiveness of therapeutic community on attribute style change of addicts. For this purpose two groups were selected. Experimental group is 25 addict persons from hejrat therapeutic community institute and 28 addict persons as control group that were selected from shahid family addiction institute. At first because of determine of therapeutic community effectiveness on attribute style change of addicts. Each group discrepancy scours were calculated. After that for determining of effectiveness of therapeutic community on attribute style change of addicts mean difference of two independence groups ewre accounted by t test.
Y. parvaz (M. A); S. parvaz (M. A); KH. jahanbaznejad (M. A)
Volume 1, Issue 3 , February 2011, , Pages 60-80
Abstract
Aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between migraine attacks and mental disorders.mental disorders is that disorders which assessed by Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI), and migrain predicated to transient ischemic attacks. The investigation hypothesis was: tendency ...
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Aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between migraine attacks and mental disorders.mental disorders is that disorders which assessed by Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI), and migrain predicated to transient ischemic attacks. The investigation hypothesis was: tendency to mental disorders assessed by MMPI in migraine patients is mor than normal population.fortesting hypothesis 66 persons diagnosed as migraine patient selected on medicine dosiers and compared with 66 sound person.in this study MMPI and a qustionaire related to history of migraine administered and Multivariate Analysis Of Variance (MANOVA) is used for analysis of data.results confirmed our hypothesis.migraine patients had mor tendency to mental disorders in comparative with sound persons.thisdisorders were depression,hysteria,psychopath,paranoia,psychasthenia,chizophrenia,hypomania and hypochondria.totally results similar to former studies supported our hypothesis and this differences are significant in statistical viewpoint.
Alireza Aghayousefi; Mohammad Oraki; Tahereh Ghorbani; Maliheh Mahdieh
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of dialectic behavior therapy to increase the differentiation of self in women with borderline personality disorders and drug abuse was conducted. Experimental research designs with a single subject using the multi-stepped base lines were used. Based on ...
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This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of dialectic behavior therapy to increase the differentiation of self in women with borderline personality disorders and drug abuse was conducted. Experimental research designs with a single subject using the multi-stepped base lines were used. Based on the desire to participate in the research, structured diagnostic interview and entry criteria, among female patients with borderline personality disorders and substance abuse, four people were chosen. All four subjects were dialectic behavior therapy sessions during the twelve. In order to assess the differentiation of self-differentiation of self-DSI-R questionnaire by Askvern (1998) was built, was used. Dialectic behavior therapy can dramatically increase the differentiation between themselves in women with borderline personality disorders and substance abuse, so that scores during the intervening twelve sessions has increased substantially compared to baseline scores. Graphs review the effectiveness and effect size indicates a significant increase in participants was self-differentiation. Dialectic behavior therapy interventions can be effective in helping to increase the differentiation of self and a good practical implication in the treatment and prevention of substance abuse.
Mansour Bayrami (Ph.D); Fatemeh Nemati Sogolitappeh (M.A); Sahriyar Razmi (M.A)
Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2011, , Pages 62-76
Abstract
he aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of anger management and relaxation skills training on decreasing of anxiety, depression and anger among heart patients after bypass surgery.
In this quasi- experimental design, 40 coronary heart patients aged 35-65 years, having first bypass, ...
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he aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of anger management and relaxation skills training on decreasing of anxiety, depression and anger among heart patients after bypass surgery.
In this quasi- experimental design, 40 coronary heart patients aged 35-65 years, having first bypass, were selected and randomly assigned to experiment and control groups. To measurement of variables, Beck anxiety and Beck depression Inventories and Anger Scale of MMPI-2 were used. Data were analyzed using the one way analysis of covariance. The findings revealed that skills training schedule of anger management and relaxation significantly decreased anxiety (p<0/001), depression (p<0/001) and anger (p<0/001) among patients.
Regarding the effectiveness of training of anger management and relaxation on decreasing of negative emotions among patients, manipulating this method seems essential in all stages of prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease.
Ehsan Kive’i; Pegah Parvin
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 63-82
Abstract
AbstractThe study aimed to make a comparison of levels of mental health between medical and non-medical staff in city of Hamedan in winter 2002. Considering stress factors specific to hospitals and the fact that hospital staff are in frequent contact with human illnesses and death,the study hypothesized ...
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AbstractThe study aimed to make a comparison of levels of mental health between medical and non-medical staff in city of Hamedan in winter 2002. Considering stress factors specific to hospitals and the fact that hospital staff are in frequent contact with human illnesses and death,the study hypothesized and aimed to test that staff working in medical staff working in hospitals had poorer mental health than those working in a non-medical workplace, and that women were more vulnerable to the stress factors. The study followed a causal-comparative design, and the sample population included 125 medical staff member from 4 medical centers and 98 staff members from 3 non-medical centers in city of Hamedan. Subjects were selected using convenient sampling. The scale used was General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), in which a cut-off point of 23 was considered for the scale and 6 for each subscale. The data were analyzed using chi-square and odds ratio. The results showed that 41.6% of the medical staff and 49% of the nonmedical staff were above the cut-off point, but that the differencebetween results for each subscale was not significant in the two groups. The relationship between gender and prevalence of mental disorder in the medical staff was, however, significant. Based on the results, the study suggests that stable managerial decisions, and hence increased predictability of circumstances, can improve mental health of the staff.
Saeedeh Zomorrodi; Seyyed Kazem Rasoulzadeh Tabataba’i
Volume 4, Issue 13 , February 2014, , Pages 63-88
Abstract
The study aimed to make a comparison between effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based therapy in improving quality of life of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The study followed a quasi-experimental design with three groups a pre-test and a final test. Group sizes ...
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The study aimed to make a comparison between effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based therapy in improving quality of life of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The study followed a quasi-experimental design with three groups a pre-test and a final test. Group sizes were decided considering the fact that the study was a pilot project and that some subjects might discontinue their participation. Thus, 36 patients (20 males and 16 females) with IBS (diagnosed using Rome III process) were chosen using convenient sampling and then randomly divided into two study and one control groups (each with 12 patients). The IBS-QOL34 questionnaire was administered in the three groups as the pre-test. The questionnaire was administered as the post-test in the three groups two months later. All results were analyzed using statistical methods. After results of the control group and influence of the pretest were omitted, ANCOVA showed that there was a significant difference between effects of the two therapy methods (p <0/05). The LSD post-hoc test also showed a significant difference between effectiveness of the mindfulness-based therapy compared to that of the cognitive-behavioral therapy (p <0/05). It can be suggested based on the basis of the results that the new method of psychotherapy in treating patients with IBS should be considered, because the old therapy is not always effective or even promising. and it can thus be used as a new treatment method for individuals with aviophobia.
Ali tayarani rad; Noorali farrokhi; Esmail keirjoo; Nafiseh sarihi
Volume 5, Issue 19 , October 2015, , Pages 63-79
Abstract
This study deals with the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy, response prevention and exposure and medicinal treatments on OCD using a meta-analysis and by means of drawing a comparison between such techniques and OCD treatment. The structured review method was adopted for the purpose of selecting ...
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This study deals with the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy, response prevention and exposure and medicinal treatments on OCD using a meta-analysis and by means of drawing a comparison between such techniques and OCD treatment. The structured review method was adopted for the purpose of selecting the required surveys; therefore, 28 surveys, including master's degree and doctoral theses and local and foreign papers and articles drawing upon the foregoing methods in OCD treatment, were selected as the research sample. The important factor in determining suitability of the studies and surveys was the statistical methods employed for their data analyses. In order to compute effect sizes, the standard difference between means was used. According to the ensuing results, CBT has an effect size of 1.611. Moreover, effect sizes of response prevention and exposure techniques and medicinal treatments were put at 1.59 and 0.617 respectively, suggesting effectiveness of the foregoing treatments. A comparison of efficiency of such therapies and treatments demonstrated, on the other hand, that CBT has the highest level of effect in OCD treatment. Furthermore, medicinal care is less effective than psychological therapies and treatments.
Iraj Safa'i Rad; Mohsen Ahmadi; Mahdi Rabi'i; Mahmoud Najafi
Volume 3, Issue 9 , February 2013, , Pages 63-80
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of cognitive-behavioral therapy and metacognitive therapy on social phobia symptoms of Hamadan city patients. In this experimental design, among the patients with social phobia who referred to psychological and guidance clinics of Hamadan in 2011, 45 ...
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The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of cognitive-behavioral therapy and metacognitive therapy on social phobia symptoms of Hamadan city patients. In this experimental design, among the patients with social phobia who referred to psychological and guidance clinics of Hamadan in 2011, 45 subjects were selected through simple random sampling method, and 15 subjects were randomly assigned in the first experimental group (cognitive-behavior therapy), 15 subjects in the second experimental group (meta-cognitive therapy) and 15 subjects in the control group. The first experimental group received eight sessions (two hours) of cognitive-behavior therapy intervention during two months, the second experimental group received eight sessions (two hours) of meta-cognitive therapy intervention during two months while the control group received no intervention. The data collection instrument was Moshaveri's Social Phobia Assessment Scale. The result of the one-way ANOVA analysis of data showed that there was a significant difference between the three group's post-test and mean score of social phobia dependant variable (F=10.80, p<00.1). Moreover, LSD post hoc test indicated the reduction of social phobia symptoms of experimental groups rather than the control group in post-test, but there was no significant differences between the experimental groups' scores (p>0.5).
Hossein Eskandari; Mansoureh Alami nia
Abstract
The theories in psychology according to their philosophical assumptions, emphasis in diverse determinants for the explanation of the behavior and the nature of the mind. Some of them concentrate on the external, objective world and consider the external factors as the most effective factors in shaping ...
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The theories in psychology according to their philosophical assumptions, emphasis in diverse determinants for the explanation of the behavior and the nature of the mind. Some of them concentrate on the external, objective world and consider the external factors as the most effective factors in shaping the behavior and the others, believe human being lives in a highly personal, subjective world of experience that has the major influence upon his behavior. It seems we can consider the third factor beside these two factors (i. e. personal-subjective factors and external, objective factors) which is independent from them but influencing on them. This social factor is language which is so important in shaping the behavior. Then, the present study is intended to investigate Rumi's view on the role of language in determining of mental state and human behavior.Our research method is qualitative content analysis, a research method for the objective and qualitative interpretation of the content of text data through the systematic process. In Rumi’s view, the mind essentially is not Separable from the language. Awareness has lingual nature and mental activities such as perception, thought and cognition occur in language. The language determines the form of meaning and individuals shape their experiences of reality thorough the meanings created in the language. Language also directs imagination and dominates it and also affects the body. Hence, it can be said that language is the main determinant of behaviour and mental condition and the method of study human issues is linguistic and narrative analysis.In Rumi's view, virtual language especially story and narrative has considerable and important role in shaping the meaning and the content of the mind and awareness has narrative structure. Essence of human has linguistic structure and he acts in terms of his linguistic circumstances. Language is the third world which is located between subjective and objective worlds and provides the possibility of their association and mediated between them. Hence, it can be argued that the subject of psychology is not mind and mental activity nor behavior but language. Because what we call mind is not separate from language and mental process is indeed linguistic activity and basic determinant in shaping behavior, is language. Then in order to understand human, we must study language.
ali mohammadzadeh; vahid khosravani; nadereh mahdavi heris
Abstract
Background and objective: Evidence has suggested that risk for schizophrenia is likely to occur in non-psychotic first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia. On the other hand, schizotypal personality disorder is genetically related to schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to compare schizotypal ...
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Background and objective: Evidence has suggested that risk for schizophrenia is likely to occur in non-psychotic first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia. On the other hand, schizotypal personality disorder is genetically related to schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to compare schizotypal traits (i.e., positive schizotypy, negative schizotypy, cognitive disorganization, and impulsive nonconformity) among patients with schizophrenia and their non-psychotic first-degree relatives as well as normal controls. Methods: Thirty-four patients with schizophrenia and 50 of their non-psychotic first-degree relatives as well as 34 normal controls were included in this study. The data were collected by the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences, short version (sO-LIFE). Results: The results showed that the three groups were significantly different from each other regarding mean scores of schizotypal traits. Patients with schizophrenia and their non-psychotic first-degree relatives exceeded normal controls on schizotypal traits. Patients with schizophrenia had higher scores on total schizotypal traits, positive schizotypy, cognitive disorganization, and impulsive nonconformity than their non-psychotic first-degree relatives. Conclusion: The findings revealed that hereditary factors had an important role in the development of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and it is explainable by the stress-vulnerability model.
Asiyeh Shariatmadar
Abstract
The aim of the present research is to study the lived experience of in stuck–hearted phenomenon. The method was qualitative and phenomenological. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews. Purposeful sampling and interviews re used and continued until data saturation. The ...
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The aim of the present research is to study the lived experience of in stuck–hearted phenomenon. The method was qualitative and phenomenological. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews. Purposeful sampling and interviews re used and continued until data saturation. The number of participants was 20. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. By examining people's experience, the following common elements emerged as themes reflecting the stuck-hearted experience: The most important experience is the feeling of reluctance. Other feelings were discomfort, pressure, and to feel being is stuck. To overcome these feelings, these thoughts flow, falls way: focus on the opposite side of the relationship, doubtful thoughts, thoughts that focus on values, furious thought, and self-focused thoughts. All of these thoughts cause a person to engage in conduct that feature, alert, stereotypical, hard and excruciating, dishonest, insincere and passive behavior. Immediately after that, the feelings of regret, helplessness and weakness, anger and other emotions such as hatred and being under dominance in the relationship and consequently, blame inquisitive, ambitious and furiously thoughts is experienced. In fact, according to the characteristics of intimate relationships that is self-disclosure and trust, in stuck-hearted relationships is the opposite of intimate relationships.
Fateme Forouzesh Yekta; Hamid Yaghubi; Fereshte Mootabi; Rasol Roshan; Mohammad Gholami Fesharak; Abdollah Omidi
Abstract
Enhancement of marital satisfaction is an important approach for improvement of family cohesion and community health. The aim of the present research was to study the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction program on psychological distress, emotion regulation and enhancement of marital satisfaction ...
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Enhancement of marital satisfaction is an important approach for improvement of family cohesion and community health. The aim of the present research was to study the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction program on psychological distress, emotion regulation and enhancement of marital satisfaction in women. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest-follow up design with control group. Statistical population included every married woman with more than 18 years of age in Tehran in the year 1396. Research sample was composed of 60 married women with moderate marital satisfaction. They were chosen using convenient sampling technique and were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. Experimental group took apparent in eight 90-minute sessions, mindfulness based Stress Reduction program. Participants answered Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS, Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS, Gratz & Roemer, 2004) and the Couples Satisfaction Index (CSI, Funk & Rogge, 2007) in three stages of pretest, posttest and follow up. Data was analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA test. Results demonstrated that mindfulness-based stress reduction program had an influence on improvement of psychological distress (F=8.65, p<0.01), emotion regulation (F=31.39, p<0.0001) and marital satisfaction (F=19.92, p<0.0001) in married women. Accordingly, Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction program while reducing psychological distress and increasing emotional adjustment skills in women, may have beneficial effects for couple therapy and can be used as one of the methods for promoting marital relationship. Mindfulness training may have beneficial effects for couples' therapy and relationship enhancement.
Shamsoddin Ahmadi; Parviz Azadfallah; Hojjatollah Farahani
Abstract
Abstract: Purpose: The current study was performed to analyze and describe dominant relationship patterns among Iranian couples within the framework of object relation and Based on the formulation of the conflicts and challenges in the core conflictual relationship theme approach. Method: The study was ...
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Abstract: Purpose: The current study was performed to analyze and describe dominant relationship patterns among Iranian couples within the framework of object relation and Based on the formulation of the conflicts and challenges in the core conflictual relationship theme approach. Method: The study was performed in the framework of a qualitative content analysis. 41 participants(17 female and 24 male married subjects) took part in the assessment with respect of include criteria. The data was gathered through unstructured interviews and analyzed through content analysis method. Guba and Lincoln criteria were applied to prove validity and accuracy of the data. Results: By analyzing the data, four relationship patterns were found: 1)Pattern of “Concerned about the others' judgment, valuation and accusation”. 2)Pattern of “Concerned about the others' harmful reactions and their consequences”. 3)Pattern of “trying not to damage or upset others”. 4)Pattern of “not expressing the wishes because of not expecting to meet them”. Discussion and conclusion: The realized patterns are explainable based on psychodynamic theories especially the object relations approach which claims the individual relationships with the people around in the beginning years of life will internalize and then represent in adulthood occasions; and also based on the two important concepts of “transference distortion” and “repetition compulsion”. Indeed couples in communicational occasions, unconsciously apply the same patters they had internalized in the childhood. Findings of the study emphasize that emergence of the conflicts between couples cannot be analyzed only on the framework of current relations and tracing these problems in the “self –object” representations is necessary.
Azad Hemmati; Mahmoud Dezhkam; ali delavar; Mohammad Kazem Atef Vahid; Ahmad Borj’ali; kambiz kamkari
Volume 3, Issue 12 , March 2013, , Pages 69-82
Abstract
The present research aims to study the consistency between the Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5) scales and DSM-IV axis II. The study was a questionnaire survey research applying methodological and testing methods. First, the experimental background of the Iranian data for PSY-5 as well as the ...
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The present research aims to study the consistency between the Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5) scales and DSM-IV axis II. The study was a questionnaire survey research applying methodological and testing methods. First, the experimental background of the Iranian data for PSY-5 as well as the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) were studied. Then, the consistency between PSY-5 and DSM-5 was investigated in a multivariate environment through examining the joint factor analysis of PSY-5 and PID-5. The data were collected using MMPI-2-RF and PID-5 questionnaires. The sample population included 793 (student, non-student, and clinical) subjects selected from among all people older than 16 in Tehran. At the end, 452 protocols of the answered items were recognized as valid for doing statistical analysis. Depending on the research questions, the methods of question categorization, exploratory factor analysis, principal component analysis with varimax rotation, common factor analysis, maximum-likelihood estimation with varimax rotation, Horn's parallel analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, goodness of fit index (GFI), X2 / d. f. ratio, adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI), comparative fit index (CFI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), and SPSS and AMOS software. The results were indicative of a good fitness of the research data with confirmatory factor analysis models for both PSY-5 and PID-5 scales. The results of the common exploratory factor analysis also confirmed the hypothesis, and showed that each scale of PSY-5 had a significant factor loading in the expected areas of DSM-5.
Inchenaz Asaszadeh; Majid Mahmoudalilou
Abstract
Breast cancer, being the most common type of cancer among women, causes anxiety, depression, hopelessness, and anger. Metacognitive therapy is a new approach that puts emphasis on reducing useless cognitive processes instead of the cognitive content of thoughts and also on facilitating metacognitive ...
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Breast cancer, being the most common type of cancer among women, causes anxiety, depression, hopelessness, and anger. Metacognitive therapy is a new approach that puts emphasis on reducing useless cognitive processes instead of the cognitive content of thoughts and also on facilitating metacognitive processing. Based on the single-case experimental research, the study intended to examine the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on depression and hope-to-life in women with breast cancer. The study drew on a multiple-baseline design in which three individuals from Women’s Breast Cancer Association in Tabriz received the intended 8-session treatment. The instruments used for data gathering were Beck Depression Inventory (BDI –II) and Life Expectancy scale. Results show that the highest percentage of improvement was related to physical and emotional symptoms of depression and also to the life expectancy, which was 75% and the lowest percentage was 50%. Concerning the cognitive symptoms of depression, the highest percentage of improvement was 100% and the lowest was 50%. Findings also suggest that the effectiveness of the metacognitive therapy for the three participants was consistent at the follow-up testing. Therefore, it is suggested that metacognitive therapy be used for reducing depression and increasing life expectancy in women with breast cancer.
P. Mostafa Nezhad; F. Dortaj
Volume 1, Issue 4 , February 2011, , Pages 70-90
Abstract
This survey was done to study the effectiveness of communication skills on mental health of freshmen of science, at Kerman university .The method of the research is exprimental, pre – test and post – test . Includes 180 people, from which 30 were chosen, using random sampling. Students ...
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This survey was done to study the effectiveness of communication skills on mental health of freshmen of science, at Kerman university .The method of the research is exprimental, pre – test and post – test . Includes 180 people, from which 30 were chosen, using random sampling. Students were divided into two groups of control and experiment. The questionnaire of (Gold berry and Heelers) mental health was applied twice , pre and post tests. The T– rest results revealed a meaning full difference between control group and experiment groups means of mental health , and disorder in their physical and social performance . There is not a meaning ful difference between the group’s mean of sleep disorders, and stress and depression grades in post – test. In other words, teaching communication skills did not have meaning full effect on student’s communications skills did not have meaningful effect on student’s sleep disorders and stress and depression. Generally, statistical analysis showed an increase in people’s mental health, after the increase of teaching communications skills (p < 0/ 03).
Majid Saffarinia; Farhad Shaqaqi; Bahram Maleki
Volume 2, Issue 8 , February 2012, , Pages 71-92
Abstract
A recent surge in narcissism research by personality and clinical psychologists has been prompted thanks to the development of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory )NPI-40). The purpose of the present study is to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of NPI-40.
A total number ...
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A recent surge in narcissism research by personality and clinical psychologists has been prompted thanks to the development of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory )NPI-40). The purpose of the present study is to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of NPI-40.
A total number of 410 (234 male and 176 female) students in the academic year 2011-2012 with an average age of 25-26 years were selected through stratified sampling to serve as the subjects of this study. They completed NPI-40, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory–III (MCMI-III) and Extraversion Agreeableness Subscales of Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). The reliability coefficients of internal consistency, test-retest and concurrent validity were also reported.
The results showed that the total NPI-40 test-retest reliability and internal consistency were 0/81 and 0/77, respectively. The correlation coefficients between NPI-40 and MCMI-III and Extraversion Agreeableness Subscales of NEO-FFI were also reported at 0/82, 0/73 and 0/68, which indicate a satisfactory convergent validity for NPI-40.
Confirmatory factor analysis results showed that the seven-factor model of NPI-40 fits the Iranian sample. MANOVA results also indicated that the total score of Narcissism for men is significantly higher than the one for women.
vahid nejati; Farshid Alipour
Abstract
Given the crucial role of trust in children’s compatibility and high-risk behaviors, this study aimed at investigating the development of trust in a sample of Iranian children. Using cluster sampling in four districts of Tehran, 240 elementary school students between first and sixth grade were ...
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Given the crucial role of trust in children’s compatibility and high-risk behaviors, this study aimed at investigating the development of trust in a sample of Iranian children. Using cluster sampling in four districts of Tehran, 240 elementary school students between first and sixth grade were included in this cross-sectional study. To study developmental trend of trust, tests of ultimatum and trust as well as assessment of children’s risk taking in social situations were conducted. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics including tests of ANOVA and MANOVA were used. The results showed that not only trust rate but also risk taking increase by age. These findings indicate a positive relationship between trust and risk taking in children. According to the results of this study, it is quite necessary to pay more attention to children as a vulnerable population against imminent harm and risky behavior.
