Rasoul Roshan Chesli
Volume 3, Issue 10 , February 2013, , Pages 73-94
Abstract
The effect of social competence training-based storytelling on social skills and behavioral problems of 8-10 year-old children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is investigated in this study. This research is a semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and control group. 45 children who ...
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The effect of social competence training-based storytelling on social skills and behavioral problems of 8-10 year-old children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is investigated in this study. This research is a semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and control group. 45 children who had received scores above the cut-point on oppositional defiant disorder subtest of Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL) and whose problems were also confirmed by the Teacher Report Form (TRF) were selected. Then, Social Skills Rating System (Teacher Report Form) was administered to their teachers. A sum of 28 child with ODD who had received poor scores on social skills subtest of SSRS and whose behavioral problems were confirmed in behavioral problems subtest of SSRS was finally selected. Subjects were divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received social competence training-based storytelling for 15 sessions, each of which lasted 60 minutes. Upon the completion of the training, SSRS (Teacher Report Form) was administered as a post-test to both groups of teachers. The results were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U and indicated that teachers in the experimental group reported a significant increase in total score of social skills (p>0/001) and significant decrease in behavioral problems scores (p>0/01) of children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) as compared to the control group.
Esmaeil Naseri; Faramarz Sohrabi; Ahmad Borjali; Mohammad reza Falsafinejad
Volume 5, Issue 18 , May 2015, , Pages 75-97
Abstract
Purpose of this study is was to examine the effectiveness of dual focus schema therapy (DFST) in treatment of antisocial personality disorderded heroine dependent men. In Multiple baseline experimental single case study, three antisocial personality disorderded heroin dependent men were selected using ...
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Purpose of this study is was to examine the effectiveness of dual focus schema therapy (DFST) in treatment of antisocial personality disorderded heroine dependent men. In Multiple baseline experimental single case study, three antisocial personality disorderded heroin dependent men were selected using Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV based on disorders axis II and purposeful sampling. The treatment program was carried out for 24 week and 28 sessions, with a follow-up period of 3 months subsequent to treatment termination. Subjects completed Maudsley Addiction Profile and Young Schema Questionnaire and data was analyzed by Reliable change index and percentage of improvement. Results showed that DFST significantly reduced Substtance use and risk behaviour and improved Physical and psychological health and Personal/social functioning. DFST has appropriate effectiveness in treatment of antisocial personality disorderded heroine dependent men.
Somayyeh Kāzemiyān; Ali Delāvar
Volume 2, Issue 5 , February 2012, , Pages 75-90
Abstract
The aim of this research is to improve the general health in addicts who voluntarily seek treatment. The study is semi-experimental with pre-test and post test design. After applying the general health questionnaire (GHQ) on the participants, 20 clients with scores over the standard level (23 ...
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The aim of this research is to improve the general health in addicts who voluntarily seek treatment. The study is semi-experimental with pre-test and post test design. After applying the general health questionnaire (GHQ) on the participants, 20 clients with scores over the standard level (23 or more) were chosen randomly as the subjects, and were divided into experimental and control groups. Both groups underwent pre- and post-tested. The results showed that life review therapy can reduce depression, anxiety and physical symptoms, and enhance the rate of general health and social performance of the subjects.
Mohaddeseh Manouchehri; Mahmoud Gholzari; Ezzat Ollah Kordmirza Nikouzadeh
Abstract
Drug addiction as an infelicitous social phenomenon has many detrimental effects including stress on the substance user and his family and specifically his wife. What makes health behavior at risk is the assessment of stress and ways of coping with it. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness ...
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Drug addiction as an infelicitous social phenomenon has many detrimental effects including stress on the substance user and his family and specifically his wife. What makes health behavior at risk is the assessment of stress and ways of coping with it. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of hope therapy on employ positive coping with stress strategies in wives of addicted men. The present study is a quasi-experimental with design of pre-test and post- test with control group and follow-up. This study was performed on 30 wives of addicted men in Shiraz city based on available sampling and randomly included in two groups of experiment (n=15) and control (n=15). Coping with Stress Inventory (Carver, Schier & Weintrap, 1989) was used as measurement instrument. Data were analyzed using t-test and analysis of covariance by SPSS 17 software.The results showed that the hope therapy can effect on the use of positive coping with stress at a level of significance less than 0/001. These results were stable during follow up period.According to the results of present research, can use of hope therapy as one ways to help wives of addicted men for employing the positive coping strategies for their stress.
Soudabeh Ahmadi Bejagh; Babullah Bakhshipour; Mah'boube Faramarzi
Volume 5, Issue 20 , December 2015, , Pages 79-109
Abstract
obsessive- compulsive disorder is one of the serious complications of psychological health and imposes huge economic and social expenditures annually on society and its disabling symptoms impair the individual's interpersonal function ,job and life. The aims of this research were to analyze the effectiveness ...
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obsessive- compulsive disorder is one of the serious complications of psychological health and imposes huge economic and social expenditures annually on society and its disabling symptoms impair the individual's interpersonal function ,job and life. The aims of this research were to analyze the effectiveness of group mindfulness based cognitive therapy on obsessive-compulsive disorder, metacognitive beliefs and rumination in female university students. This was an experimental study (pre-test& post-test –follow-up with control group plan). By applying simple random sampling method, out of 338 female students with age range 20-29 by Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive inventory(MOCI), Metacognitive Beliefs Questionnaire (MCQ-30) & Rumination Responses Scale (RRS) and the eligible individuals diagnostic interview (with Obsessive-Compulsive diagnostic cut-off score ) based on DSM-IV-TR,16 subjects have been selected and randomly put in the experiment and control groups ( 8 for each group). The experiment group received 8 sessions of group mindfulness based cognitive therapy while the control group had no special treatment .Two months after the treatment was over, follow-up was executed subject in both groups before and after the intervention, and two-month follow-up questionnaire, MOCI, MCQ-30, RRS completed. Analyzing data, descriptive statistical methods and covariance analysis test have been employed. The results of covariance test showed a meaningful difference (p<0.005) in the two groups (control &experiment), in terms of Obsessive-compulsive, metacognitive beliefs & rumination scores. Regarding the mentioned findings, it can be concluded that group mindfulness based cognitive therapy is effective in decreasing obsessive- compulsive, metacognitive beliefs & rumination of the girl students with obsessive-compulsive disorder, and the therapeutic changes created almost remained stable after two-month follow-up.
Ali Reza Pirkha'efi; Ahmad Borjali
Volume 2, Issue 7 , February 2012, , Pages 85-104
Abstract
Mental health is a multivariate concept that is related to various factors. Unfortunately, the impact of creativity on the development of mental health has been underexamined in the field of clinical therapy.
The present research was designed to investigate the clinical roles of creativity in the prediction ...
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Mental health is a multivariate concept that is related to various factors. Unfortunately, the impact of creativity on the development of mental health has been underexamined in the field of clinical therapy.
The present research was designed to investigate the clinical roles of creativity in the prediction and explanation of mental health.
A statistical sample of 120 male and female university students of Tehran was randomly selected through the process of multi-stage cluster sampling. Solomon's four-groups design was implemented in the study. Research tools included Torrance Test of Creative Thinking, Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire, Sherer's General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Folkman and Lazarus's Ways of Coping Questionnaire. The data were analysed using the covariance analysis.
The results of the covariance analysis showed that the activation of creativity in samples could have a significant impact on increasing mental health, self-efficacy and coping.
Mona Shivarani; Parviz Azadfallah; Alireza Moradi; Hosein Eskandari
Abstract
PTSD and depression are most prevalent disorders in traumatic events. This research studies reducing symptoms of PTSD and comorbid depression through narrative exposure therapy (NET). NET incorporated many of exposure elements with additional focus of clearly documenting the atrocities endured. 24 betrayed ...
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PTSD and depression are most prevalent disorders in traumatic events. This research studies reducing symptoms of PTSD and comorbid depression through narrative exposure therapy (NET). NET incorporated many of exposure elements with additional focus of clearly documenting the atrocities endured. 24 betrayed women with PTSD and depression were randomized in experiment and control groups. Participants were clinically interviewed and filled out impact of event scale-revised (IES-R) and Beck Depression inventory (BDI) for three times; once before and once after 8 sessions of experiment group’s therapy. Third time was three months after therapy. Data were analyzed using repeated measures variances analysis. PTSD and its two parameters (intrusion & hyperarousal) significantly reduce in experiment group, immediately after therapy and in three months follow up. Depression also reduces significantly immediately after therapy and continues to reduce three months after therapy. According to this study, NET is beneficial therapy for PTSD even in social fields. NET successfulness in Iranian culture is ascribed to narrative aspect of NET. This study endorses that extra-marital relationship causes PTSD in victims.
Mohammad Ali Beshārat; Saeideh Bazzāziān
Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 2012, , Pages 89-112
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to examine psychometric properties of a short version of the Self-Regulation Inventory (SRI-S) including reliability, validity, and exploratory factor analysis of the SRI-S in Iranian students. Six hundred and seventy six Iranian volunteers (294 males, 382 females) ...
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The main purpose of this study was to examine psychometric properties of a short version of the Self-Regulation Inventory (SRI-S) including reliability, validity, and exploratory factor analysis of the SRI-S in Iranian students. Six hundred and seventy six Iranian volunteers (294 males, 382 females) from universities in Iran were included in this study. All participants were asked to complete the SRI-S (Marques, Ibanez, Ruiperez, Moya, & Ortet, 2005), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RS; Eysenck, Eysenck, & Barrett, 1985), and the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-28; Besharat, 2009). The results of exploratory factor analysis supported a single general factor of self-regulation and a five factor structure including Positive Actions, Controllability, Expression of Feelings and Needs, Assertiveness, and Well-Being Seeking. The convergent and discriminant validity of the SRI-S were supported by an expected pattern of correlations between the scale and the measures of personality and mental health. All correlation coefficients between the mean scores on the SRI-S and scores of the extraversion, neuroticism, psychological well-being, and psychological distress were statistically significant. Coefficient alpha estimates of internal reliability were between .90 and .97 for the SRI-S subscales. Test-retest reliability of the SRI-S was also calculated at the range of .71-.86. All correlations were statistically significant. It was concluded that the SRI-S can be considered as a reliable and valid scale to measure self-regulation in Iranian samples.
Fatemeh Darvehi; Mohamadreza Zoghi paidar; Mosayeb Yarmohammadi vasel; Behzad Imani
Abstract
Paying attention to the nurse’s affects at hospitals can cause development in well-being in addition to enhancement of patient-nurse relationship. It also increase the job performance. Current study aimed to explore the effect of Mindful Self-Compassion (MSC) training on aspects of professional ...
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Paying attention to the nurse’s affects at hospitals can cause development in well-being in addition to enhancement of patient-nurse relationship. It also increase the job performance. Current study aimed to explore the effect of Mindful Self-Compassion (MSC) training on aspects of professional quality of life in nursing students. A quasi-experimental research method was adopted using a pretest-posttest with control group design. Research participants included 46 nursing student in medical science university of Hamedan. After contribution of professional quality of life questionnaires (Stamm,2010) among 150 people, 46 people who got medium or less score in professional quality of life questionnaire and were tendency to attend 8 session training class, placed in experiment and control group randomly. Experiment group was trained MSC in 8 sessions and each session was 1.5 hour. After that post-test was contributed in both groups. At last Analyze of Covariance was used for data analysis of 38 people because sample group had a decrease. Results showed that MSC training had significant effect on decrease of secondary traumatic stress (F=22/76, p<0/001) and burnout (F=11/70, P<0/002), and also on increase of compassion satisfaction (F=30.35, P<0.001). According to results of current study, MSC training can be used for decrease of secondary traumatic stress and burnout and increase of compassion satisfaction in nursing students.
Firoozeh ghazanfari; mojtaba nadri
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a model of the anxiety social anxiety model of adolescents based on anxiety sensitivity, negative emotional regulation and anxiety and ambivalent attachment style with mediating role of emotional coping strategy. Research project, correlation and structural equation ...
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The purpose of this study was to develop a model of the anxiety social anxiety model of adolescents based on anxiety sensitivity, negative emotional regulation and anxiety and ambivalent attachment style with mediating role of emotional coping strategy. Research project, correlation and structural equation method. The study population included all students in the academic year2017 period of secondary schools in the city KhormAbad that 1200 of them were selected by multistage random sampling. After completing a social anxiety and screening questionnaire, 266 (136 males and 130 females) were susceptible to this disorder. Then the obtained data entered the structural equation assumption model. In order to analyze the data obtained from Amos 24 software, it was used to compare the observed variance -curanese matrix (default model) with the reproduction variance-covariance matrix, to evaluate the model's ability to predict the criterion variable, and Also, it's fitting itself. . The results of the model analysis indicated that the predictive variables of negative emotional regulation (repression) and ambivalent insecure attachment style were directly and indirectly mediated by an emotional coping strategy on social anxiety disorder in adolescents. Also, the emotional coping strategies had a direct impact on social anxiety disorder. The anxiety sensitivity variable had a direct direct effect, but its indirect effect was not significant. Also, direct and indirect impact of unsafe attachment style on social anxiety disorder was not significant.
Mansooreh Nikoogoftar; Alireza Sangani; Anis Ahmadi; Nahid Ramak
Abstract
The high level of human relationships, that cognitively, emotionally, and motivationally relates to, can be the representation of love. The aim of this study was the efficacy of logo-therapy in the Hutzel method on personality state, love trauma and attitudes to the opposite sex in the female students ...
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The high level of human relationships, that cognitively, emotionally, and motivationally relates to, can be the representation of love. The aim of this study was the efficacy of logo-therapy in the Hutzel method on personality state, love trauma and attitudes to the opposite sex in the female students with emotional breakdown experience. The study design of pre-test - post-test control group was carried out. The statistical population included all female students with emotional breakdown experience in University of Mazandran. The sampling was selected by targeted sampling method, that sample size included of 28 students (14 in the experimental group and 14 in the control group) was selected. To measure was used questionnaires: Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, Love Trauma Inventory and questionnaire of interpersonal analysis (personality states) and also the Hutzel's logotherapy Method (2002). For data analysis, multivariate analysis of covariance was used. The results indicated that logo-therapy has an effect on personality states, love trauma and attitudes to the opposite in the female students with emotional breakdown. It is recommended to use the principles of logo-therapy in order to improve the situation of people with emotional breakdown. It is recommended to use the principles of logo-therapy in order to improve the status of people with emotional failure.
Zohreh Shirinkar; Kurosh Namdari; Hamid Reza Jamilian; Ahmad Abedi
Abstract
Interpersonal transgressions and suffering have an important role in the formation and persistence of psychological disorders. This study evaluates the effect of forgiveness group therapy on the symptoms of depression and rumination of dysthymic women according to the findings about the relationship ...
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Interpersonal transgressions and suffering have an important role in the formation and persistence of psychological disorders. This study evaluates the effect of forgiveness group therapy on the symptoms of depression and rumination of dysthymic women according to the findings about the relationship between forgiveness of interpersonal transgressions in the past and reduction of depression symptoms. This research was a quasi-experimental study with a sample of 16 women. Subjects were selected from samples available in a psychiatric clinic. Subject selection was based on the entry criteria and psychiatric diagnosis. Patients were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. In experimental group, the treatment based on forgiveness was held in 6 ninety-minute sessions (once a week). The control group did not receive the intervention. The research data were collected by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire, Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations Scale (TRIM-12) and Rumination about an Interpersonal Offense Scale (RIO).Covariance analysis was used to analyze data of this study. Evaluations after treatment showed that, forgiveness group therapy was significantly effective (alpha <0.05) in reducing depression symptom and rumination in dysthymic women. It is concluded from the findings of this study that forgiveness group therapy can benefit for reducing depression symptom and rumination.
Abbas Rahiminezhad; Amir Mahmoud Hushmand Chatroidi; Javad Ejei
Abstract
Since Frankl (1985) has introduced the role of meaning in life in mental health, some psychologists tried to operationalize this concept and study in this field (Crumbaugh and Maholic, 1964; Batista & Almond, 1973; Steger et al., 2006). By development of new instrument in the domain of life's meaning ...
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Since Frankl (1985) has introduced the role of meaning in life in mental health, some psychologists tried to operationalize this concept and study in this field (Crumbaugh and Maholic, 1964; Batista & Almond, 1973; Steger et al., 2006). By development of new instrument in the domain of life's meaning by Schnell (2009), the wider investigation of mental health and meaning in life has been provided. The present study aims at determining the relationship between four sources of life including life meaningfulness, the crisis of life's significance, spirituality, and religiosity and indices of mental health. Therefore, a sample comprising 126 participants (53= female; 73= male) among the students of University of Tehran carried out the questionnaire for investigating the sources of life's meaning (SoMe) and a brief form for the scale of depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS-21). The results were analyzed by Pearson Correlation. Among the variables of life's meaning, the crisis of life's meaning showed the highest positive correlation with depression (r = 0.62, p ˂ 0.01) and stress (r = 0.39, p ˂ 0.01). Also, the life meaningfulness showed the highest negative relationship with depression (r = -0.52, p ˂ 0.01) and stress (r = - 0.34, p ˂ 0.01). In conclusion, considering the meaning of life as an important associate of mental health seems essential in order to decrease the depression and stress, and improving the general health of society.
Ahmad Heydarnia; Ali Mohamad Nazari; Ali Akbar Soleimanian
Volume 4, Issue 15 , January 2015, , Pages 61-78
Abstract
AbstractThe present study aims at investigating the effectiveness of prevention and relationship enhancement program (PREP) on increasing marital intimacy. To do so, 24 couples who referred to state and private counseling centers to enhance their marital intimacy were selected. They were then randomly ...
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AbstractThe present study aims at investigating the effectiveness of prevention and relationship enhancement program (PREP) on increasing marital intimacy. To do so, 24 couples who referred to state and private counseling centers to enhance their marital intimacy were selected. They were then randomly divided into two groups including prevention and relationship enhancement program (12 couples), and control group (12 couples). The type of the research was semiexperimental (pretest-posttest with control design). Educational intervention (prevention and relationship enhancement program)including 11 sessions (1.5 hours) was applied on the experiment group. Results indicated that the intervention (prevention and relationship enhancement program) had a significant effect on marital intimacy. Furthermore, the prevention and relationship enhancement program had positive and significant effect on nine component of marital intimacy including emotional, intellectual, physical, social, communicational, spiritual, psychological, sexual, and total intimacy.
Tahere hosseyni Qomi (M.A); Soghra Ebrahimi Gavam (Ph.D); Zohreh Alavi (Ph.D)
Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2011, , Pages 76-100
Abstract
his study has been done for the purpose of evaluating effect of resilience training on quality of life of mothers whose children suffer from cancer. The statistical population of the study was, all, mothers of cancerous children, between 10 to13. The sufferers had medical files in Imam Khomeini hospital ...
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his study has been done for the purpose of evaluating effect of resilience training on quality of life of mothers whose children suffer from cancer. The statistical population of the study was, all, mothers of cancerous children, between 10 to13. The sufferers had medical files in Imam Khomeini hospital during the years 1388-89.
The applied method was a semi-experimental design, consisting pretest- post test, and along with a control group. By random sampling, a people of the 30 mothers selected; they were put in 2 groups equally: a half of them in experimental group and the rest in control group. Questionnaires of Conner-Davidson resilience scale and quality of life (SF36) were utilized for the both ones. The consequences of 9 sessions resilience training, through Covariance analysis, appeared that the mothers under the certain training have more promoted in resilience and level of life quality than the mothers did not enjoy those trainings. The resilience training gave meaningful effect on components such as mental health, low functioning, vitality, body pain, general health and emotional role while there was not the same effect on physical and social functioning.
This study comes to the conclusion that the resilience training succeeds in promoting resilience and quality of life of mothers whose children suffer from cancer.
Nasim Samadzade; Hamid Poursharifi; Jalil Babapour
Volume 5, Issue 17 , May 2015, , Pages 77-96
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive - behavioral therapy on the psycho-social adjustment to illness and symptoms of depression in individuals with type II diabetes. This research was performed within the framework of experimental single case design. For this purpose, ...
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive - behavioral therapy on the psycho-social adjustment to illness and symptoms of depression in individuals with type II diabetes. This research was performed within the framework of experimental single case design. For this purpose, among members of Tabriz Diabetes Association, Three of them who were in the severe and very severe categories of the depression and anxiety subscales of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) were selected for the research. Before starting intervention, for determining baseline, a pre-test was performed two times, and the status of individual was evaluated in terms of considered variables, then stages of intervention during 8 sessions were performed on participants. For measuring the variables, Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale (PAIS), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) were applied. Data analysis suggested that cognitive - behavioral therapy lead to the enhancement of adjustment to illness and reduction of depression symptoms in individuals with type II diabetes.
Ali Farnam; Ahmad Borjali; Faramarz Sohrabi; Mohammad-Reza Falsafinejad
Volume 4, Issue 16 , December 2014, , Pages 79-99
Abstract
Introduction: The present study aims to determine theeffectiveness of the Mindfulness Based Relapse Prevention (MBRP)model on relapse prevention and enhancement of coping ...
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Introduction: The present study aims to determine theeffectiveness of the Mindfulness Based Relapse Prevention (MBRP)model on relapse prevention and enhancement of coping skills inpeople with opiate substance dependency. Method: In a semi-experimental study and using cluster randomsampling method, 24 subjects were selected from among people withdiagnosis of opiate dependency who were successfully detoxified.They were assigned into experimental and control groups, eachconsisting of 12 people. The experimental group received 8 weeklysessions of MBRP training, and no treatment was given to the controlgroup. The subjects were assessed by Alcohol Abuse CopingResponse Inventory (AACRI) and morphine tests before treatment,randomly during treatment, after treatment, and after a 3-monthfollow-up stage. The data was analyzed using2test, MultivariateAnalysis of Covariance (MANCOVA), and covariance analysis(ANCOVA).Results: The2 test results showed that there was a significantdifference between experimental and control groups in terms ofrelapse rate. Moreover, the results of MANCOVA and ANCOVAwere indicative of a significant difference between the two groups incoping skills enhancement at posttest and follow up stages. Findings: The results indicated that the MBRP model training waseffective in relapse prevention and coping skills enhancement inpeople with opiate substance dependency.
Maryam Safara; mohamad hatami; farnoosh Pashangzadeh
Abstract
Stress is one of the effective factors in people's performance. Job and existing conditions of working environment can cause stress. One of the jobs that due to its nature is causing too much stress is nursing job. Various factors are involved in reducing stress, of which are spiritual skills. This study ...
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Stress is one of the effective factors in people's performance. Job and existing conditions of working environment can cause stress. One of the jobs that due to its nature is causing too much stress is nursing job. Various factors are involved in reducing stress, of which are spiritual skills. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of training spiritual skills on stress and stressful Features of Nursing mothers. The Study population of this semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test research design with control group, consisted of all female nurses of Milad Hospital (150 people) whom complete the questionnaire. 30 individuals with higher scores in stress were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Data collection tools include spiritual skill training package and abidin parental stress index (PSI) with parental realm (54 items). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance method & Levin univariate ANOVA. The hypothesis that training spiritual skills is effective in reducing nursing mothers' job stress is confirmed (F=24.977; Df=1 and 27; Sig=0.001). The results of the study imply that Spiritual skill training was effective in reducing stress and stressful features of nursing mothers. Keywords: Spiritual Therapies, Mothers, Nurses, Stress
Mahdieh Tarsafi; Seyed Mohammad Kalantar Kousheh; David Lester
Volume 5, Issue 19 , October 2015, , Pages 81-98
Abstract
Social rank theory is a theory of depression and suicidal behavior based on animal models of defeat and entrapment which, in animals result in depressive-type behavior. Gilbert and Allan (1998) have devised a scale to measure defeat. This goal of the present study was to explore the validity and reliability ...
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Social rank theory is a theory of depression and suicidal behavior based on animal models of defeat and entrapment which, in animals result in depressive-type behavior. Gilbert and Allan (1998) have devised a scale to measure defeat. This goal of the present study was to explore the validity and reliability of the Defeat Scale with students of Allameh Tabataba'i University. A sample of 306 (102 male and 204 female) students was selected using simple random sampling. An exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation was employed. Beck’s hopelessness and depression scales were used to examine convergent validity. Even though the original scale of the questionnaire was published without subscales, the results of the present research identified three subscales labeled inactivity, loser and satisfaction. Together, these three factors explained 63% of the variance of the matrix of item-correlations. The internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha was 0.91 overall, 0.91 in females, and 0.92 in males. There were significant correlations between Beck’s hopelessness and depression scale scores with scores on the defeat and with the three factor scores. The Defeat Scale has good reliability and validity in Persian culture.
Solmaz Mobassem; Ali Delavar; Abolfazl Karami; Baqer Sana'i; Abdollah Shafi'abadi
Volume 3, Issue 9 , February 2013, , Pages 81-102
Abstract
The presence of one of the couple (wife) in therapy with intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy approach can improve the marital relationship. The purpose of present study is to determine the effectiveness of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy in decreasing the marital conflict in women. ...
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The presence of one of the couple (wife) in therapy with intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy approach can improve the marital relationship. The purpose of present study is to determine the effectiveness of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy in decreasing the marital conflict in women. The study was administered with a quasi-experimental design and case study in the centers of psychology and counseling in Tehran. Five women who had marital conflict and were appropriate for short-term dynamic psychotherapy were sampled purposefully. They participated individually in 12–15 therapeutic sessions with Davanloo’s Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy. Marital conflict questionnaire was completed by participants in two stages, before and one week after intervention. The data were analyzed by dependent t-test. The results showed that the marital conflict of women of case study (n=5) was less than that before the intervention. Intervention treatments, based on the intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy, can be useful for decreasing marital conflict in women.
R. Dargahiyan (M. A); Sh. Mohammad Khani (Ph. D); J. Hassani (Ph. D); J Shams (Ph. D)
Volume 1, Issue 3 , February 2011, , Pages 81-104
Abstract
Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) is a new and emerging approach that focuses on reducing unhelpful cognitive processes and facilitating metacognitive styles of processing. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of metacognitive therapy on improving of metacognitive beliefs, rumination, and ...
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Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) is a new and emerging approach that focuses on reducing unhelpful cognitive processes and facilitating metacognitive styles of processing. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of metacognitive therapy on improving of metacognitive beliefs, rumination, and depression symptoms of major depressive patient.
In a single case experiment with multiple baseline design a woman suffering from MDD were treated with eighth weekly sessions of MCT and antidepressant medications. Second woman with the same diagnostic a control case only received antidepressant medications. Instruments used in this research were included MDD-S, Metacognitive beliefs, (MCQ), Ruminative style (RRS), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II).
Results indicated that metacognitive treatment result in improvement of subject's scores in Beck depression scale that reduced from 35 to 6 in posttest and 2 months follow up. The scores of scales of CAS and MDD-S showed remarkable reduction. But the control case who recived only antidepressant medications didn't show any significant changes in decrease of symptoms in follow up.
Hossein Mohagheghi; Peyman Dousti; Davoud Jafari
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on the meta-worry, social anxiety and concern for the students' health. This semi-experimental research design was pretest-posttest control group. Population contained 15000 students, studying in Azad University of ...
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on the meta-worry, social anxiety and concern for the students' health. This semi-experimental research design was pretest-posttest control group. Population contained 15000 students, studying in Azad University of Hamadan. The sample consisted of 30 students (20 girls and 10 boys) were selected from the community. A sample of purposive sampling method was used. The subjects were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The research assessment tools were, the scale of Wales was anxious thoughts. This tool measures social anxiety, generalized anxiety and health anxiety. Acceptance and commitment therapy intervention, based on eight individual 45-minute sessions weekly by the author of the article, was conducted at the Research Center of the MANSHOR MEHR. The subjects responded to a questionnaire before treatment, and one month after treatment. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance were performed. The results showed that, acceptance and commitment therapy reduced decline generalized anxiety and social anxiety, but did not reduce health concerns. It is suggested, acceptance and commitment therapy intervention that the researchers used in the study protocol to use in other communities and age groups.
Mehdi Zare' Bahramabadi; Tayebeh Nazari
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 83-98
Abstract
AbstractIn developing countries, the majority of female-headed families face many economic and social problems and mental disorders. The present study aimed to examine effectiveness of group cognitive therapy on self-efficacy and depression among women who headed a family. The study used a quasi-experimental ...
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AbstractIn developing countries, the majority of female-headed families face many economic and social problems and mental disorders. The present study aimed to examine effectiveness of group cognitive therapy on self-efficacy and depression among women who headed a family. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test and a control group. The sample consisted of 30 women who headed families in city of Kangavar and who received governmental welfare. The subjects were chosen using random sampling and assigned to experimental and control groups. A 10-session group cognitive therapy was given to the experimental group on weekly basis, while the control group received no intervention. The data were collected using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Sherer SelfEfficacy Scale, and they were analyzed using multivariate covariance in SPSS 18 software. The results of the covariance analysis showed that group cognitive therapy significantly reduced depression and increased self-efficacy in the experimental group as compared to the control group. The study found that cognitive group therapy waseffective on reducing depression and increasing self-efficacy inwomen who headed a family in the city of Kangavar
Farideh Sadat Hosseini; Yasser Omidvar; Narjes Abbasi
Abstract
The aim of this study is to survey the role ofexecutive functions as cognitive/neuroscience and negative automatic thoughts and as cognitive/psychology factors in adolescent’s difficulties in emotion regulation. The statistic society in this study consisted of all adolescent boys who ...
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The aim of this study is to survey the role ofexecutive functions as cognitive/neuroscience and negative automatic thoughts and as cognitive/psychology factors in adolescent’s difficulties in emotion regulation. The statistic society in this study consisted of all adolescent boys who lived in Bushehr in 2016- 2017. From them 128 secondary school students selected via random cluster sampling from Bushehr schools. Data were collected using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Negative Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire, Stroop Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and the Continuous Performance Test. Inter and stepwise multivariate analyses of covariance were used for data analysis. The results showed that from executive functions elements, inhibition can predict lack of emotional awareness. From negative automatic thoughts elements, personal incompatibility can predict all elements of difficulties in emotion regulation include non-acceptance of emotional responses, difficulties engaging in goal-directed behavior, impulse control difficulties, lack of emotional awareness, limited access to emotion regulation strategies, lack of emotional clarity. Furthermore, negative self-concept is the predictor of lack of emotional awareness. The result bold the role of negative automatic thoughts in difficulties in emotion regulation among adolescents, so findings of this research have clinical application and can affect training programs about regulation and control emotions.
Salar Faramarzi; Valiyollah Karamimanesh; Morteza Mahmoudi
Volume 4, Issue 13 , February 2014, , Pages 89-106
Abstract
Mental disability of children is a source of stress which threatens mental health of the family and affects different aspects of the family life. Various methods have been developed for helping affected families, among which psychological interventions have a special place. The present study aimed to ...
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Mental disability of children is a source of stress which threatens mental health of the family and affects different aspects of the family life. Various methods have been developed for helping affected families, among which psychological interventions have a special place. The present study aimed to offer a meta-analysis of effectiveness of psychological interventions in mental health of families who have children with mental disabilities. The method used was meta-analysis. Twenty five papers were reviewed and 11selected for the analysis, the total number of subjects in which was 712. Based on the results, the effect size was 0.25, which indicates a below average rate according to Cohen’s table. It can therefore be suggested that psychological interventions have a positive effect on mental health of families who have children with mental disabilities, and that the interventions can be used as a method for improving mental health of such families. The interventions, however, need to be supplemented by other support interventions.
