Azadeh Tavoli; Abbasali Allahyari; Parviz Azadfallah; Ali fathiAshtiani
Abstract
Abstract:The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive - behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT) in reducing self- focused attention and fear of negative evaluation in patients with social anxiety. The study design pre-test - post-test in which 40 students with ...
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Abstract:The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive - behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT) in reducing self- focused attention and fear of negative evaluation in patients with social anxiety. The study design pre-test - post-test in which 40 students with social anxiety disorder were selected and randomly assigned to either group CBT and IPT. Tools used in this study included the Structured Clinical Interview, the Focus of Attention Questionnaire (FAQ), the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), and the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale revised version (BFNE-II). Data were statistically analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA). The results showed that there was no difference between the two psychotherapies in the improvement in self- focused attention and fear of negative evaluation. The findings of this study showed that both therapies are equally effective for self- focused attention and fear of negative evaluation in patients with social anxiety. Given that IPT is as effective as cognitive-behavior therapy in reducing the fear of negative evaluation and self-focused attention, it could be used to reduce the symptoms of social phobia, especially the fear of negative evaluation and self-focused attention.in situations where IPT is more efficacious, such as those with milder dysfunction in social and cognitive performance.
Isa Moradi; Maryam Fatehizade; ahmad ahmadi; Ozra etemadi
Abstract
Narcissism has many negative interpersonal consequences, and marital relationship is an appropriate context for many of these consequences. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of metacognitive interpersonal therapy on couple interactive damages in narcissistic man. In this research, a ...
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Narcissism has many negative interpersonal consequences, and marital relationship is an appropriate context for many of these consequences. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of metacognitive interpersonal therapy on couple interactive damages in narcissistic man. In this research, a single subject method with A-B-A design was used. For this purpose, two couples (4 people) were selected through purposive sampling. For men, after determining the baseline level, 21 intervention sessions were performed and their wives completed questionnaires at the same time. Semi-structured interviews (SCID), narcissistic personality inventory (NPI-40) and researcher-made Interactive damages Inventory was used. In order to analyze the collected data, visual analysis, trend index and stability index, percentage of non-overlapping data (PND) and percentage of overlapping data (POD) were used. According to the visual analyses of the data diagrams, the intervention was effective on the 4 subjects. The mean scores of 4 subjects in the baseline have decreased from 212.66, 224.33, 193.0 and 245.66 to 101.0, 113.0, 84.66 and 115.0, respectively. The percentage of non-overlapping data (PND) in the two baseline and intervention situations for the 4 subjects was 100%. The maximum percentage of improvement (MPI) was higher than 50% for all 4 participants that indicated a clinically meaningful effect. This effectiveness was observable in the follow-up stage. The results of this study showed that MIT due to focus on self-awareness, interpersonal circles and schemas can reduce the couple interactive damages of narcissistic man.
