Research Paper
Ali Mousavi Asl; Ahmad Borjali; Faramarz Sohrabi; Noorali Farrokhi
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, Pages 1-20
Abstract
Although various psychological methods exist for treating symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), meta-analyses show that many patients suffering from the disorder still show no or little response to treatments. The present study therefore aimed to provide an answer to the question, ‘Does ...
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Although various psychological methods exist for treating symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), meta-analyses show that many patients suffering from the disorder still show no or little response to treatments. The present study therefore aimed to provide an answer to the question, ‘Does schema therapy have an effect on reducing symptoms of trauma recurrence in wounded in actions with PTSD?’, and to evaluate effectiveness of the new therapy method on treating chronic symptoms which were resistant to other psychological therapies. The study used a single-case empirical design with multiple baselines. Scales used were Young Schema Questionnaire (short from), Young Compensation Inventory, YoungRygh Avoidance Inventory, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, and Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. The statistical society included wounded in actions with chronic PTSD symptoms, of which 3 were chosen for the study using purposeful convenient sampling. The treatment consisted of 21 sessions for each subject with a two-month follow-up. The data were analyzed using various statistical methods, including mean, coefficient of variation, Z-test, and clinical cure rate.Findings indicated that schema therapy was successful in reducing symptoms of recurrent PTSD and in decreasing activity of maladaptive schemas. Moreover, the results sustained in the follow-up phase.
Research Paper
Reza Pourhossein; Farzad Farhoudi; Mohsen Amiri; Mahmoud Janbozorgi; Akram Reza’i Bidakhvidi; Fatemeh Nourollahi
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, Pages 21-40
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the relationship of suicidal thoughts, depression, anxiety, resilience, daily stress and mental health in university students. The study group consisted of 265 University of Tehran students. Subjects were asked to complete Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety ...
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The present study aimed to examine the relationship of suicidal thoughts, depression, anxiety, resilience, daily stress and mental health in university students. The study group consisted of 265 University of Tehran students. Subjects were asked to complete Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI), Mental Health Scale, Daily Stress Scale and Resilience Scale. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. Based on the results, a significant negative correlation existed between suicidal thoughts and resilience and self-esteem. Also, variables related to anxiety, depression, mental health and daily stress had a positive correlation with suicidal thoughts. The regression analysis indicated that depression was the strongest factor in predicting suicidal thoughts, and that anxiety, mental health, resilience and daily stress stood next in the line. The variables had a total 21 percent influence on the variance of suicidal thoughts. The study suggests that psychological and mental health problems, including anxiety and depression, along with other factors such as resilience and daily stress are important variables in recognizing and predicting suicidal thoughts Since symptoms of recurrent PTSD are sustaining and their emergence, growth and sustainability are to a large extent influenced by personal variables, and since these factors are connected to pretrauma maladaptive relationships which contribute to emergence of maladaptive schemas, the schema therapy targeted roots of the disorder and re-created maladaptive schemas, and it was thus successful in curing symptoms of recurrent trauma.
Research Paper
Hadi Parhoon; Alireza Moradi; Mohammad Hatami; Shiva Moshirpanahi
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, Pages 41-62
Abstract
AbstractDepression is one of the most common psychological disorders for which numerous treatment methods have been developed. The aim of the present study was to examine effect of brief behavioral activationtreatment on reducing depression symptoms and improving quality of life in patients with depression. ...
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AbstractDepression is one of the most common psychological disorders for which numerous treatment methods have been developed. The aim of the present study was to examine effect of brief behavioral activationtreatment on reducing depression symptoms and improving quality of life in patients with depression. The study used a semi-experimental design with pretest and posttest and a control group. Convenient sampling was used in selecting 22 female patients who were diagnosed with major depression by a psychiatrist. The diagnosis was given using DSM-IV-TR. The 22 subjects were divided into an experimental and a control group, and the experimental group received a behavioral activation treatment. Both groups completed BDI-II, HRSD, and WHOQOL-BREF in the pretest, posttest and follow-up phases (the follow-up was three months after the intervention). The results were analyzed using single-variable covariance analysis and t-test. Results indicated that the treatment effected considerable and significant changes in depression symptoms and quality of life of the subjects, both in short-term and after a period of three months. The study suggests that a brief behavioral activation treatment is effective in reducing depression symptoms, a finding which is consistent with findings of the third wave of cognitivebehavioral therapies. The treatment is therefore recommended as an effective method for treating major depression. AbstractDepression is one of the most common psychological disorders for which numerous treatment methods have been developed. The aim of the present study was to examine effect of brief behavioral activationtreatment on reducing depression symptoms and improving quality of life in patients with depression. The study used a semi-experimental design with pretest and posttest and a control group. Convenient sampling was used in selecting 22 female patients who were diagnosed with major depression by a psychiatrist. The diagnosis was given using DSM-IV-TR. The 22 subjects were divided into an experimental and a control group, and the experimental group received a behavioral activation treatment. Both groups completed BDI-II, HRSD, and WHOQOL-BREF in the pretest, posttest and follow-up phases (the follow-up was three months after the intervention). The results were analyzed using single-variable covariance analysis and t-test. Results indicated that the treatment effected considerable and significant changes in depression symptoms and quality of life of the subjects, both in short-term and after a period of three months. The study suggests that a brief behavioral activation treatment is effective in reducing depression symptoms, a finding which is consistent with findings of the third wave of cognitivebehavioral therapies. The treatment is therefore recommended as an effective method for treating major depression.
Research Paper
Ehsan Kive’i; Pegah Parvin
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, Pages 63-82
Abstract
AbstractThe study aimed to make a comparison of levels of mental health between medical and non-medical staff in city of Hamedan in winter 2002. Considering stress factors specific to hospitals and the fact that hospital staff are in frequent contact with human illnesses and death,the study hypothesized ...
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AbstractThe study aimed to make a comparison of levels of mental health between medical and non-medical staff in city of Hamedan in winter 2002. Considering stress factors specific to hospitals and the fact that hospital staff are in frequent contact with human illnesses and death,the study hypothesized and aimed to test that staff working in medical staff working in hospitals had poorer mental health than those working in a non-medical workplace, and that women were more vulnerable to the stress factors. The study followed a causal-comparative design, and the sample population included 125 medical staff member from 4 medical centers and 98 staff members from 3 non-medical centers in city of Hamedan. Subjects were selected using convenient sampling. The scale used was General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), in which a cut-off point of 23 was considered for the scale and 6 for each subscale. The data were analyzed using chi-square and odds ratio. The results showed that 41.6% of the medical staff and 49% of the nonmedical staff were above the cut-off point, but that the differencebetween results for each subscale was not significant in the two groups. The relationship between gender and prevalence of mental disorder in the medical staff was, however, significant. Based on the results, the study suggests that stable managerial decisions, and hence increased predictability of circumstances, can improve mental health of the staff.
Research Paper
Mehdi Zare' Bahramabadi; Tayebeh Nazari
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, Pages 83-98
Abstract
AbstractIn developing countries, the majority of female-headed families face many economic and social problems and mental disorders. The present study aimed to examine effectiveness of group cognitive therapy on self-efficacy and depression among women who headed a family. The study used a quasi-experimental ...
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AbstractIn developing countries, the majority of female-headed families face many economic and social problems and mental disorders. The present study aimed to examine effectiveness of group cognitive therapy on self-efficacy and depression among women who headed a family. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test and a control group. The sample consisted of 30 women who headed families in city of Kangavar and who received governmental welfare. The subjects were chosen using random sampling and assigned to experimental and control groups. A 10-session group cognitive therapy was given to the experimental group on weekly basis, while the control group received no intervention. The data were collected using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Sherer SelfEfficacy Scale, and they were analyzed using multivariate covariance in SPSS 18 software. The results of the covariance analysis showed that group cognitive therapy significantly reduced depression and increased self-efficacy in the experimental group as compared to the control group. The study found that cognitive group therapy waseffective on reducing depression and increasing self-efficacy inwomen who headed a family in the city of Kangavar
Research Paper
Parviz Sharifi Daramadi
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, Pages 99-118
Abstract
Research suggests that depression, anxiety and rumination disorders are among the most important psychological problems inpatients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Mindfulness-based therapy (MBT) has been found effective in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms, but little research has studied ...
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Research suggests that depression, anxiety and rumination disorders are among the most important psychological problems inpatients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Mindfulness-based therapy (MBT) has been found effective in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms, but little research has studied patients with autism. The present study therefore aimed at examining effects of a modified MBT protocol (MBT-AS) in high-functioning adults with ASD. A group of 42 autistic individuals, chosen through convenient sampling and aging from 15 to 26, were divided into an experimental (20 individuals) and a control (21 individuals) group. The experimental group received a treatment protocol based on mindfulness (Teasedale et al.; revised edition). Data analysis was carried out using t-test in independent groups, chi-square test and multivariate variance analysis. Results showed a significant decreasein depression, anxiety and rumination in the experimental group. Results also showed that positive affect increased in the experimentalgroup but not in the control group. The present study is the first controlled trial for demonstrating that adults with ASD can benefit from MBT-AS
Research Paper
Najmeh Hamid
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, Pages 119-142
Abstract
Clinical and neuropsychological evidence show that patients with major depression often experience difficulties in their memory and high cortical functions after receiving electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The aim of the study was therefore to examine side-effects of electroconvulsive therapy on the memory ...
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Clinical and neuropsychological evidence show that patients with major depression often experience difficulties in their memory and high cortical functions after receiving electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The aim of the study was therefore to examine side-effects of electroconvulsive therapy on the memory and cognitive process of women with major depression. The study employed a causalcomparative ex post facto design. The experimental group consisted of 30 women with major depressive disorder who were selected using clinical interviews and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The control group included 30 women with major depression who matched members of the experimental group in age, education and marital status. The experimental group completed a set of memory and neuropsychiatric tests in several phases of ECT treatment, and they were re-evaluated one year later in the follow-up phase. The control group only received medication. The results from qualitative and quantitative analyses of the memory and cognitive processes in the two groups revealed that the experimental group significantly differed from the control group in every phase of ECT and even 12 month after the treatment (p<0.001)(p<0.001), and that memory and cognitive processes of members of the experimental group significantly reduced ()<0.001). The study suggests that ECT decreases the patient’smemory and high cortical functions, and that the results sustain evenafter 12 months with no ECT.
Research Paper
Leila Heidarinasab; Mehdi Khorianian; Zahra Tayyebi
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, Pages 143-168
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine effectiveness of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) in reducing symptoms and changing defensive styles in patients with depression. The study employed an applied quasi-experimental design and used a pretest and posttest and a control group. The statistical ...
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The present study aimed to examine effectiveness of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) in reducing symptoms and changing defensive styles in patients with depression. The study employed an applied quasi-experimental design and used a pretest and posttest and a control group. The statistical population included all University of Mashhad students with depression who referred to the clinic of Faculty of Education and Psychology during 2001–2002 school year. The sample consisted of 16 students who were selected using purposive voluntary sampling, and were randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control group. The data was collected using a demographic questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Defensive Style Questionnaire (DSQ) in both groups. The experimental group received a 20-session ISTDP while the control group received no intervention. BDI and DSQ were administered in both groups in the pretest phase. The data were analyzed using ANCOVA in SPSS software. The results showed that ISTDP was effective in reducing symptoms of depression (p<0.001) and immature (p<0.17) and neurotic defensive styles (p<0.001), and in increasing use of mature defensive styles (p<0/001) in the experimental group. In other words, ISTDP increased patients’ moods and their use of mature defense style and it decreased use of immature and neurotic defense styles
