Reza Pourhossein; Farzad Farhoudi; Mohsen Amiri; Mahmoud Janbozorgi; Akram Reza’i Bidakhvidi; Fatemeh Nourollahi
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 21-40
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the relationship of suicidal thoughts, depression, anxiety, resilience, daily stress and mental health in university students. The study group consisted of 265 University of Tehran students. Subjects were asked to complete Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety ...
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The present study aimed to examine the relationship of suicidal thoughts, depression, anxiety, resilience, daily stress and mental health in university students. The study group consisted of 265 University of Tehran students. Subjects were asked to complete Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI), Mental Health Scale, Daily Stress Scale and Resilience Scale. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. Based on the results, a significant negative correlation existed between suicidal thoughts and resilience and self-esteem. Also, variables related to anxiety, depression, mental health and daily stress had a positive correlation with suicidal thoughts. The regression analysis indicated that depression was the strongest factor in predicting suicidal thoughts, and that anxiety, mental health, resilience and daily stress stood next in the line. The variables had a total 21 percent influence on the variance of suicidal thoughts. The study suggests that psychological and mental health problems, including anxiety and depression, along with other factors such as resilience and daily stress are important variables in recognizing and predicting suicidal thoughts Since symptoms of recurrent PTSD are sustaining and their emergence, growth and sustainability are to a large extent influenced by personal variables, and since these factors are connected to pretrauma maladaptive relationships which contribute to emergence of maladaptive schemas, the schema therapy targeted roots of the disorder and re-created maladaptive schemas, and it was thus successful in curing symptoms of recurrent trauma.
Mehdi Zare' Bahramabadi; Tayebeh Nazari
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 83-98
Abstract
AbstractIn developing countries, the majority of female-headed families face many economic and social problems and mental disorders. The present study aimed to examine effectiveness of group cognitive therapy on self-efficacy and depression among women who headed a family. The study used a quasi-experimental ...
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AbstractIn developing countries, the majority of female-headed families face many economic and social problems and mental disorders. The present study aimed to examine effectiveness of group cognitive therapy on self-efficacy and depression among women who headed a family. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test and a control group. The sample consisted of 30 women who headed families in city of Kangavar and who received governmental welfare. The subjects were chosen using random sampling and assigned to experimental and control groups. A 10-session group cognitive therapy was given to the experimental group on weekly basis, while the control group received no intervention. The data were collected using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Sherer SelfEfficacy Scale, and they were analyzed using multivariate covariance in SPSS 18 software. The results of the covariance analysis showed that group cognitive therapy significantly reduced depression and increased self-efficacy in the experimental group as compared to the control group. The study found that cognitive group therapy waseffective on reducing depression and increasing self-efficacy inwomen who headed a family in the city of Kangavar
Parviz Sharifi Daramadi
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 99-118
Abstract
Research suggests that depression, anxiety and rumination disorders are among the most important psychological problems inpatients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Mindfulness-based therapy (MBT) has been found effective in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms, but little research has studied ...
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Research suggests that depression, anxiety and rumination disorders are among the most important psychological problems inpatients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Mindfulness-based therapy (MBT) has been found effective in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms, but little research has studied patients with autism. The present study therefore aimed at examining effects of a modified MBT protocol (MBT-AS) in high-functioning adults with ASD. A group of 42 autistic individuals, chosen through convenient sampling and aging from 15 to 26, were divided into an experimental (20 individuals) and a control (21 individuals) group. The experimental group received a treatment protocol based on mindfulness (Teasedale et al.; revised edition). Data analysis was carried out using t-test in independent groups, chi-square test and multivariate variance analysis. Results showed a significant decreasein depression, anxiety and rumination in the experimental group. Results also showed that positive affect increased in the experimentalgroup but not in the control group. The present study is the first controlled trial for demonstrating that adults with ASD can benefit from MBT-AS
shahnaz mahammadi
Volume 3, Issue 12 , March 2013, , Pages 41-63
Abstract
Objectives: The present research aims to study the effect of spiritual therapy on depression in elderly women residing in nursing homes. Method: This was a quasi-experimental research applying the method of pre-test and post-test. The subjects included 34 elderly women suffering from depression residing ...
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Objectives: The present research aims to study the effect of spiritual therapy on depression in elderly women residing in nursing homes. Method: This was a quasi-experimental research applying the method of pre-test and post-test. The subjects included 34 elderly women suffering from depression residing in Kahrizak nursing home. After the Geriatric Depression Scale ‘GDS’ (1993) was carried out, the subjects scored 15 or higher were randomly selected by using simple sampling method. Then, they were randomly assigned to experiment and control groups. The experiment group received 10 sessions of spiritual therapy. Subsequently, the GDS test was carried out again to both groups. T-test was used to analyze the data. Results:The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experiment and control groups in terms of GDS score, and that spiritual therapy could decrease the rate of depression in elderly women residing in the nursing home. Conclusion: Spiritual therapy, as a rehabilitation and nonorganic interference, can help betterment of depression in elderly women.
Fatemeh Taqiyareh; Hussein Eskandari; Gholam Reza A'vani; Ali Delavar; Faramarz Sohrabi
Volume 3, Issue 9 , February 2013, , Pages 1-28
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study is to establish a theoretical framework for existential psychotherapy and develop an existential psychotherapy package on the basis of Mowlana’s thoughts. It also aims at evaluating the effectiveness of the therapy proposed in decreasing depression and improving ...
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The main purpose of the present study is to establish a theoretical framework for existential psychotherapy and develop an existential psychotherapy package on the basis of Mowlana’s thoughts. It also aims at evaluating the effectiveness of the therapy proposed in decreasing depression and improving the ego development level. The study design consisted of two distinct qualitative and quantitative parts. The methodology applied for the quantitative part was pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical population was clients of mental health centers of the universities located at Tehran over summer and autumn 2010. Of this, 32 students were randomly selected to participate in the study. The experimental group was treated with the therapy proposed while the control group did not receive any treatment. According to the statistical analyses (co-variance and t-test), the therapy proposed was found to be effective in decreasing depression as well as increasing the ego development level among the participants. This finding is of great importance due to the high prevalence of depression in most of the societies and the necessity of its treatment by an efficient method as well as the importance of ego development level and the need for reaching a method for its improvement. Therefore, it can be concluded that in addition to opening new directions in different fields of psychology, including religion psychology, personality psychology, and psychopathology, this work can be considered as a multidisciplinary study which bridges the three fields of psychology mentioned.
Afsaneh Karimi; Seyyed Abdolmajid Bahreinian; Baqer Ghobari Bonab
Volume 3, Issue 9 , February 2013, , Pages 103-118
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of meditation on depression and anxiety of female students. In this quasi-experimental and application study, 100 women of 18 to 48 years of age were selected through available sampling method to represent the experimental group (50 subjects) and the ...
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The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of meditation on depression and anxiety of female students. In this quasi-experimental and application study, 100 women of 18 to 48 years of age were selected through available sampling method to represent the experimental group (50 subjects) and the control group (50 subjects). Zung Anxiety Scale and BDI were used to gather data in pre-test and post-test. The results showed that meditation method had significant impact on depression and anxiety of women (p<0/001). The women that received meditation method had lower levels of depression and anxiety. Meditation technique is useful in treating anxiety and depression in female women. Thus, it is necessary to use this intervention in clinics.
Atiyeh Saffārzādeh; Rasūl Roshan; Jalāleddin Shams
Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 2012, , Pages 1-23
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management in reducing the anxiety, depression and stress of women with breast cancer.
Method: This study is experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The study population was limited ...
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Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management in reducing the anxiety, depression and stress of women with breast cancer.
Method: This study is experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The study population was limited to women with breast cancer who had referred to Mostafa-Khomeyni Hospital from among which 18 patients were selected and randomly assigned between two groups: experimental group (n=9) and control group (n=9). The independent variable was cognitive-behavioral stress management which was administrated in 10 weekly sessions on the experimental group while there was no psychological treatment for the control group. The research instrument was DASS-21 and HADS. The data was analyzed using covariance analysis and based on 16 patients experience surveys.
Results: Cognitive–behavioral stress management led to reduction in the anxiety, depression and stress in DASS-21 and HADS variables among patients of the experimental group (with the anxiety and depression (P<0/01) and stress (P<0/05)).
Conclusion: Cognitive–behavioral stress management for women with breast cancer may also be used as a supplement method enhancing standard oncological treatment.
Alirezā Mahmūdniā; Hasan Rastegārpūr; Farhād Jokār
Volume 2, Issue 5 , February 2012, , Pages 1-29
Abstract
Introduction: Depression is a disorder that has attracted the attention of psychologists and therapists all over the world. This study aims to clarify and elucidate two major points: a) epidemic status of depression on various levels of high school students; and b) scrutiny of group cognitive therapy ...
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Introduction: Depression is a disorder that has attracted the attention of psychologists and therapists all over the world. This study aims to clarify and elucidate two major points: a) epidemic status of depression on various levels of high school students; and b) scrutiny of group cognitive therapy influence on the reduction of irrational beliefs and depression of the students. Method: Sample consisted of 457 students, randomlyselected based by cluster sampling method. Beck's questionnaire (short form) was used and the following results were obtained: 1) %36.97 without depression; 2) %35.23 with mild depression; 3) %20.35 with average depression; 4) % 7.44 with intensive depression. Next, 36 students with average and intensive depression were matched according to their age, grades, and major. Then 16 students were randomly selected and put into two groups of eight in experimental and control groups. Both groups were tested by pre and post test of Beck's depression and Jones's irrational beliefs questionnaire. Experimental group received 10 sessions of group treatment cognition based on Ellis method of Rational Emotive Therapy. Two significant points were determined: a) paired sample t-test pertaining to pre and post tests of both groups (differences of within groups), and b) Independent sample t-test pertaining to the difference of pre and post tests scores (difference of between groups). Result: The data revealed that: A) Irrational beliefs had meaningful reduction [%95 confidence]; 1- Anxious over concern; 2- Frustration reaction; 3- Perfectionism. B) Irrational beliefs which had reduction but was not meaningful; 1- Emotional irresponsibility [Approximately meaningful]; 2- Dependency; 3- Demand for approval; 4- Problem avoidance. C) Irrational beliefs which had no reduction at all [even followed by increase]; 1- High self expectation; 2- Helplessness for change; 3- Blame proneness. However, the total score of irrational beliefs test had a meaningful reduction [%95 confidence). In that sense, there had been a meaningful reduction in the depression scores of the experimental group [%95 confidence]. Discussion: The result indicates that group cognitive therapy helps the reduction of irrational beliefs as well as student's depression simultaneously.
Farāmarz Sohrābi; Mehrnūsh Dārini; Hussein Dāvūdi
Volume 2, Issue 5 , February 2012, , Pages 28-49
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) on reduction of stress, anxiety and depression in working women. The research methodology was semi-experimental.
The statistical population of this research consisted of all those women employed in private ...
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The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) on reduction of stress, anxiety and depression in working women. The research methodology was semi-experimental.
The statistical population of this research consisted of all those women employed in private sector of Tehran Welfare organization in the year 2010. In this procedure 24 of the female staff who gained higher average scores in Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) were randomly selected and divided into two groups of 12 each, as an experimental and control groups. Experimental group received SIT through ten 2-hour sessions. Both groups were tested and evaluated twice (pre-test, post-test).
The results of the study obtained from analysis of covariance indicated that the mass SIT intervention is effective in reduction of stress, anxiety and depression amongst working women.
According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that the SIT is an effective technique to reduce stress, anxiety and depression.
zahra nematipour; mahmoud golzari; fariborz baqeri
Volume 2, Issue 7 , February 2012, , Pages 31-59
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of collective patience training on the reduction of depression and stress symptoms caused by bereavement in bereaved mothers.
The study used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest along with experimental and control groups. The data-gathering instruments ...
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This study aims to examine the effectiveness of collective patience training on the reduction of depression and stress symptoms caused by bereavement in bereaved mothers.
The study used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest along with experimental and control groups. The data-gathering instruments were Beck Depression Inventory-2 (BDI-II) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14). The population of this research included the bereaved mothers who had three to twelve months of bereaved history, and their depression scores in BDI-II inventory were in range of severe depression. The sample consisted of 18 bereaved mothers who were randomly placed in experimental and control groups. Then, the experimental group received 10 weekly sessions (90 minutes) of patience training. Finally, a post-test was administered after the therapy sessions for both groups.
The results of the study were analyzed by independent samples t-test. The test of assumptions showed that the differences between experimental and control groups were significant in variables of depression and stress, and the intervention reduced depression and stress in bereaved mothers. The results showed that patience training is an effective therapy for reduction of depression and stress in bereaved mothers.
Mohammad Asgari; Batūl Hāshemi-Nasab; Fardin Faraji
Volume 2, Issue 5 , February 2012, , Pages 140-164
Abstract
Introduction:There exists a close relationship between the quality of life and health, and the chronic diseases have negative effects in this respect. Researchers have shown the positive impact of stress management on reducing psychological and physical disorders. The goal of the present study was to ...
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Introduction:There exists a close relationship between the quality of life and health, and the chronic diseases have negative effects in this respect. Researchers have shown the positive impact of stress management on reducing psychological and physical disorders. The goal of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavior stress management treatment on the quality of life and depression in female Multiple Sclerosis Patients.
Method: A pretest – post-test design with control group was used in this study. The population included the female MS patients who resided in Arak in the year 1389/2010. A sample of 40 patients was randomly selected and assigned into control and experimental groups. All the participants responded to a 24 item Life Style Questionnaire as well as to Beck Depression inventory (BDI) which comprised 21 items. Then, the experimental group participated in a 10-session cognitive-behavioral stress management treatment. After the treatment program, the questionnaires were submitted to both groups.
Results: The results of MONOVA analysis revealed that the life style of patients considerably increased whereas their depression significantly reduced.
Conclusion: The cognitive-behavioral stress management treatment program can effectively reduce the depression of the female MS patients. Meanwhile, these people can enjoy a better life while exposed to such treatment program. This can play the role of supplement for pharmacological treatment.
Mansour Bayrami (Ph.D); Fatemeh Nemati Sogolitappeh (M.A); Sahriyar Razmi (M.A)
Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2011, , Pages 62-76
Abstract
he aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of anger management and relaxation skills training on decreasing of anxiety, depression and anger among heart patients after bypass surgery.
In this quasi- experimental design, 40 coronary heart patients aged 35-65 years, having first bypass, ...
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he aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of anger management and relaxation skills training on decreasing of anxiety, depression and anger among heart patients after bypass surgery.
In this quasi- experimental design, 40 coronary heart patients aged 35-65 years, having first bypass, were selected and randomly assigned to experiment and control groups. To measurement of variables, Beck anxiety and Beck depression Inventories and Anger Scale of MMPI-2 were used. Data were analyzed using the one way analysis of covariance. The findings revealed that skills training schedule of anger management and relaxation significantly decreased anxiety (p<0/001), depression (p<0/001) and anger (p<0/001) among patients.
Regarding the effectiveness of training of anger management and relaxation on decreasing of negative emotions among patients, manipulating this method seems essential in all stages of prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease.
Mohamad Beheshtian (Ph.D)
Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2011, , Pages 129-144
Abstract
he aim of this research was to compare the effectiveness of offline internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (OICBT) and individual cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) on depressed student.
Participants of the study were 24 depressed students who randomly selected from clients of Tehran universities counseling ...
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he aim of this research was to compare the effectiveness of offline internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (OICBT) and individual cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) on depressed student.
Participants of the study were 24 depressed students who randomly selected from clients of Tehran universities counseling centers. Participants randomly placed in two groups. After applying Beck depression inventory (BDI) for both groups, OICBT was used for one group and CBT used for other group. To fallow UP, 6 month later BDI was applied for both groups. Data was analyzed by covariance analysis.
Results indicated that after therapy CBT was better than OICBT but after six month there were no difference between two treatments.
Results of this research showed that in long time there is no difference between the effectiveness of GCBT and OICBT. So, it is recommended to use OICBT besides face to face therapies.
R. Dargahiyan (M. A); Sh. Mohammad Khani (Ph. D); J. Hassani (Ph. D); J Shams (Ph. D)
Volume 1, Issue 3 , February 2011, , Pages 81-104
Abstract
Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) is a new and emerging approach that focuses on reducing unhelpful cognitive processes and facilitating metacognitive styles of processing. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of metacognitive therapy on improving of metacognitive beliefs, rumination, and ...
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Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) is a new and emerging approach that focuses on reducing unhelpful cognitive processes and facilitating metacognitive styles of processing. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of metacognitive therapy on improving of metacognitive beliefs, rumination, and depression symptoms of major depressive patient.
In a single case experiment with multiple baseline design a woman suffering from MDD were treated with eighth weekly sessions of MCT and antidepressant medications. Second woman with the same diagnostic a control case only received antidepressant medications. Instruments used in this research were included MDD-S, Metacognitive beliefs, (MCQ), Ruminative style (RRS), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II).
Results indicated that metacognitive treatment result in improvement of subject's scores in Beck depression scale that reduced from 35 to 6 in posttest and 2 months follow up. The scores of scales of CAS and MDD-S showed remarkable reduction. But the control case who recived only antidepressant medications didn't show any significant changes in decrease of symptoms in follow up.
