Reza Ahmadi; Parviz Sharifi Daramadi
Volume 4, Issue 16 , December 2014, , Pages 1-17
Abstract
Introduction: Researches show that some groups of people arebelow the normal level in terms of mental health. It seems that peoplewith drug dependency have risky mental functions. Objective: ...
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Introduction: Researches show that some groups of people arebelow the normal level in terms of mental health. It seems that peoplewith drug dependency have risky mental functions. Objective: The objective of present research is to determine theeffect of resilience training on mental health in people with drugdependency at Touska camp in Tehran. Method: The study was an applied research, and a semiexperimental method was used therein. The statistic populationcomprised all male teenagers and young people with drug dependencyparticipating in the 28-day faith-based and resilience-based trainingprogram at Touska camp in Tehran. Using simple random samplingmethod, 42 subjects were selected. The instruments used in this studyincluded the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ28) as well asConner and Davidson’s Resilience Questionnaire by which grouptesting was performed.
Ali Mousavi Asl; Ahmad Borjali; Faramarz Sohrabi; Noorali Farrokhi
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
Although various psychological methods exist for treating symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), meta-analyses show that many patients suffering from the disorder still show no or little response to treatments. The present study therefore aimed to provide an answer to the question, ‘Does ...
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Although various psychological methods exist for treating symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), meta-analyses show that many patients suffering from the disorder still show no or little response to treatments. The present study therefore aimed to provide an answer to the question, ‘Does schema therapy have an effect on reducing symptoms of trauma recurrence in wounded in actions with PTSD?’, and to evaluate effectiveness of the new therapy method on treating chronic symptoms which were resistant to other psychological therapies. The study used a single-case empirical design with multiple baselines. Scales used were Young Schema Questionnaire (short from), Young Compensation Inventory, YoungRygh Avoidance Inventory, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, and Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. The statistical society included wounded in actions with chronic PTSD symptoms, of which 3 were chosen for the study using purposeful convenient sampling. The treatment consisted of 21 sessions for each subject with a two-month follow-up. The data were analyzed using various statistical methods, including mean, coefficient of variation, Z-test, and clinical cure rate.Findings indicated that schema therapy was successful in reducing symptoms of recurrent PTSD and in decreasing activity of maladaptive schemas. Moreover, the results sustained in the follow-up phase.
Akbar Zare' Shahabadi; Fatemeh Ebrahimi Sadrabadi
Volume 4, Issue 13 , February 2014, , Pages 1-22
Abstract
Diabetes refers to complex chronic metabolic conditions that are characterized by elevated levelsof blood glucose if untreated. Diabetes is one of the biggest health problems faced with many people living in Yazd. The disease rate in Yazd is twice as high as the country’s average rate. Patient's ...
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Diabetes refers to complex chronic metabolic conditions that are characterized by elevated levelsof blood glucose if untreated. Diabetes is one of the biggest health problems faced with many people living in Yazd. The disease rate in Yazd is twice as high as the country’s average rate. Patient's self-care behaviors have a major role in diabetes management. Such self-care activities can be exceedingly demanding and often require fundamental lifestyle changes. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of cognitive factors in controlling and treating type 2 diabetes. The statistical society of the study included 4990 diabetic patients who referred to Yazd Diabetes Research Center. A sample of 256 patients was selected using Cochran’s formula and simple random sampling. Subjects then had structured interviews. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, ttest, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. Significant correlations were found between self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, duration of the disease and adherence to self-care. Adherence to self-care activities was greater among older, moreeducated and upper-income patients. Also, a total of 27% of variance in self-care behavior can be explained by duration of diabetes and selfefficacy.
hossein eskandari
Volume 3, Issue 12 , March 2013, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
Background: Cultural psychology is a new discipline covering a universalistic intercultural version derived from a specific historical and cultural discourse. Since Kleinman’s major revision (1988), cultural psychopathology has been reconsidered with the aim of updating the previous reviews, assessment ...
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Background: Cultural psychology is a new discipline covering a universalistic intercultural version derived from a specific historical and cultural discourse. Since Kleinman’s major revision (1988), cultural psychopathology has been reconsidered with the aim of updating the previous reviews, assessment of conceptualizations and current methods, recognition of index trends, conceptual progressions, particularly changes in the definition of culture, studying both specific and common culture trends, the role of culture in psychiatric diagnosis for DSM-V and the World Health Organization report. In the new version, some cases of diseases such as depression and schizophreniaare included. Objective: The present research aims to show that mental illness is of a linguistic structure and study the illness as a cultural issue. Method: The method applied in this research wasthat of discourse analysis. Discourse analysis, as a method of qualitative research, analyzes language and speech. The module of discourse analysis is narrative. A narrative is a cultural text, or scientific theory or social act. In discourse analysis, the researcher tries to recognize the underlying narratives of discourses through analyzing language and speech as well as interpreting approaches and theories. Studying discourse patterns created during usage of discursive resources, the analyst aims to identify the sources of similarities and differences. Results: In recent years, research on cultural psychopathology has turned to an important area of study. The most important issue in cultural psychology and cultural psychopathology is to become aware of the definition of culture as specific discourse, and its role in in defining, clarifying and specifying mental illnesses. Cultural psychopathology focuses on language and the social global structure of language. It is in the light of language that we can reach to an integrated conceptualization of mental illness as a social and cultural construct. Conclusion: The ultimate goal of cultural psychopathology is to reduce pain and to improve people’s lives. Our modified definition of culture led to an analysis of signs and resources of cultural psychopathology in various levels of individual, family, society, and the expanded social system ones, which are all required for reaching this aim. Furthermore, culture is considered as a dynamic, variable and discursive process that is formed by role-playing of language in the social construct.
Ehsan Zareian; Forough Rahmati
Volume 5, Issue 17 , May 2015, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on the, anxiety, depression and life quality in women with breast cancer. Research community were the women who were involved in psychology class in breast cancer Community of Mashhad in 1392 summer, 24 subject were selected ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on the, anxiety, depression and life quality in women with breast cancer. Research community were the women who were involved in psychology class in breast cancer Community of Mashhad in 1392 summer, 24 subject were selected randomly (N=24;Age = 45 ± 15) among them. To assess the anxiety, depression and life quality, the ANQ, BDI (Beck depression Inventory) and life quality questionnaire for women with cancer was used. Quasi-experimental method with pre- test and post- test design with a control group was used for this research. Results showed that 8 weeks aerobic exercise could decrease anxiety and depression and increase life quality in women with breast cancer (P≤0.001). Finally, we can conclude the nature of aerobic exercise can reducing anxiety and depression and increase life quality in patients with breast cancer.
Faramarz Sohrabi
Volume 5, Issue 18 , May 2015, , Pages 1-14
Abstract
The present research aimed to review the development of third wave of psychotherapy with especial emphasize on schema therapy. Third wave of psychotherapy originally derived from Cognitive Behavioral psychotherapy. The first wave started with classic behaviorism approach and psychotherapy based on experimental ...
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The present research aimed to review the development of third wave of psychotherapy with especial emphasize on schema therapy. Third wave of psychotherapy originally derived from Cognitive Behavioral psychotherapy. The first wave started with classic behaviorism approach and psychotherapy based on experimental behavior and learning studies. The second wave based on cognitive process and its role on pathogenesis and treatment of mental disorders. Third wave of psychotherapy synthesizes the two approaches integrating the eastern spiritual rituals, including meditation and transcendental techniques in relation to the traditional CBT. Proposed by Geoffrey Young and thought to be part of the third-wave therapy, schema therapy mostly lays stress on dealing with personality disorders, specifically those that have proven to be somewhat resistant to classic Cognitive Behavioral therapeutic techniques.
Alimohammad Rezaei; Faeze Jahan
Volume 5, Issue 19 , October 2015, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
This study deals with the direct role of perfectionism components in depression and their indirect mediating role in depression. To this end, 200 students at Bu-Ali Sina University in Hamedan were selected using the stratified random sampling method and responded to the research instruments, including ...
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This study deals with the direct role of perfectionism components in depression and their indirect mediating role in depression. To this end, 200 students at Bu-Ali Sina University in Hamedan were selected using the stratified random sampling method and responded to the research instruments, including perfectionism scale, self-criticism scale, and Beck's Depression Inventory. Pearson correlation and path analysis were applied in data collection. Results of the former indicated that there is a significant relation between the components of perfectionism and self-criticism and depression. In addition, there was a significant relation between self-criticism and depression. Path analysis results suggest that beta coefficient of other oriented perfectionism path to depression and community oriented perfectionism path to self-criticism is not significant, while the other path coefficients were significant. Good fit of model indices also demonstrated that the model has a good fit vis-à-vis the model. Overall, the results showed that perfectionism and self-criticism account for 59% of the variance of depression, and self-oriented perfectionism and other-oriented perfectionism account for 33% of the variance of self-criticism. Overall, one could draw the conclusion from the collected information that the subjects' depression could remarkably be controlled through reformed self-criticism and components of perfectionism.
faranak razzaghian; Imanollah Bigdeli
Volume 5, Issue 20 , December 2015, , Pages 1-23
Abstract
Depressionis one of the most important kinds of affective disorders and has been presented as the first weakening factor in humanity society that its high prevalence and complex nature has made necessary it to use new treatments. Considering that pharmacotherapy is often used in depression treatment, ...
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Depressionis one of the most important kinds of affective disorders and has been presented as the first weakening factor in humanity society that its high prevalence and complex nature has made necessary it to use new treatments. Considering that pharmacotherapy is often used in depression treatment, the present study was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of systematic motivational counseling and comparison it with pharmacotherapy. This research conducted with pretest- posttest plan with control group. The sample of this experimental study was consisted of 30 dysthymic female patients referred to psychological clinic in university of Firdausi Mashhad during 9 months in 2011 that were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to three groups (10 patients per group), one experimental group for systematic motivational counseling with pharmacotherapy, one for mere pharmacotherapy and one group for control group. Collecting data instruments were consisted of Beck Depression Inventory and Personal Concerns Inventory. In order to analysis the data; descriptive statistics and covariance analysis in inferential statistics surface had been used. The results of covariance analysis after adjusting the pretest scores showed thatthere is a meaningful differences between posttest scores of two groups (p<0/05). Investigation of adjusted means is indicator for efficacy of systematic motivational counseling with pharmacotherapymore thanmere pharmacotherapyandtwo experimental groups in comparison of control group had more decrease in depression symptoms. According to the results of this research systematic motivational counseling with pharmacotherapyis more effective thanmerepharmacotherapy in the treatment ofdysthymic patients.
Hoda Pourreza’ian
Volume 3, Issue 11 , January 2016, , Pages 1-27
Abstract
Birth order is a personality concept that was first introduced by Alfred Adler in 1908. Adler and Adlerian psychologists believe that birth order has an important impact on lifestyle development. Birth order has inspired more researches than other concepts of Adler's theory. Some of these researches ...
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Birth order is a personality concept that was first introduced by Alfred Adler in 1908. Adler and Adlerian psychologists believe that birth order has an important impact on lifestyle development. Birth order has inspired more researches than other concepts of Adler's theory. Some of these researches support Adler's idea about the impact of birth order on personality structure while others report that birth order has little or even no impact on personality. The contradiction in the results has frequently caused so many researches by different researchers in various societies. Iranian researchers have conducted a number of researches none of which, however, address the relationship between personality and birth order. The main aim of this research is to prove the impact of growing environment and birth order on personality. It is a descriptive research using causal-comparative method to compare the impact of three birth orders (first, middle, and last) on personality. The important question addressed was whether students with varied birth orders were different in the five indexes and thirty scales of NEO inventory. Sample group was 75 students of Tehran-based universities who replied to the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R). Analysis of findings by MANOVA showed that there was a significant difference in the mean of the three birth orders in three indexes of NEO inventory; openness, agreeableness and conscionable as well as its fifteen scales; aggression, depression, self-consciousness, gregariousness, excitement, fantasy, aesthetics, actions, feeling, ideas, trust, straightforwardness, dutifulness, achievement striving and self-discipline. This result is consonant with Adler’s theory and those researches that support the impact of birth order on personality structure.
Sa’id A’zami; Alireza Moqaddas; Fatemeh Hemmati; Ameneh Ahmadi
Volume 3, Issue 10 , February 2013, , Pages 1-17
Abstract
This research aims to determine and compare the effectiveness of computer-assisted cognitive remediation (CACR) and psychostimulant drugs in improving the planning skill (as executive function) of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The research design was pre-test, post-test, ...
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This research aims to determine and compare the effectiveness of computer-assisted cognitive remediation (CACR) and psychostimulant drugs in improving the planning skill (as executive function) of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The research design was pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with two experimental groups. 23 ADHD children were selected by convenience sampling and inclusion-exclusion criteria. Two groups were matched according to the severity of their disorders and randomly assigned to psychostimulant drug therapy (n=11) and CACR (n=12) groups. The research tools were Tower of London (TOL), Persian version of SNAP-IV scale, the short form of WISC-R, and child syndrome inventory (CSI-4). The data were analyzed by RM-MANOVA and Mixed design MANOVA. The CACR had effective and enduring variation on planning skills of ADHD. In comparison, CACR had an enduring but non-significant impact on enhancement of planning skills. Altogether, both treatments are effective at improving the planning skill (as executive function); therefore, CACR can be used as an alternative technique to treat children with ADHD.
Fatemeh Taqiyareh; Hussein Eskandari; Gholam Reza A'vani; Ali Delavar; Faramarz Sohrabi
Volume 3, Issue 9 , February 2013, , Pages 1-28
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study is to establish a theoretical framework for existential psychotherapy and develop an existential psychotherapy package on the basis of Mowlana’s thoughts. It also aims at evaluating the effectiveness of the therapy proposed in decreasing depression and improving ...
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The main purpose of the present study is to establish a theoretical framework for existential psychotherapy and develop an existential psychotherapy package on the basis of Mowlana’s thoughts. It also aims at evaluating the effectiveness of the therapy proposed in decreasing depression and improving the ego development level. The study design consisted of two distinct qualitative and quantitative parts. The methodology applied for the quantitative part was pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical population was clients of mental health centers of the universities located at Tehran over summer and autumn 2010. Of this, 32 students were randomly selected to participate in the study. The experimental group was treated with the therapy proposed while the control group did not receive any treatment. According to the statistical analyses (co-variance and t-test), the therapy proposed was found to be effective in decreasing depression as well as increasing the ego development level among the participants. This finding is of great importance due to the high prevalence of depression in most of the societies and the necessity of its treatment by an efficient method as well as the importance of ego development level and the need for reaching a method for its improvement. Therefore, it can be concluded that in addition to opening new directions in different fields of psychology, including religion psychology, personality psychology, and psychopathology, this work can be considered as a multidisciplinary study which bridges the three fields of psychology mentioned.
Atousa Kalanter Hormozi; Ma'soumeh Esma'ili; Zohreh Tavaziani; Abdollah Shafi'abadi; Ali Delavar
Volume 2, Issue 8 , February 2012, , Pages 1-28
Abstract
This qualitative research addresses the evolution of the concept of self from the perspective of Transcendental Philosophy and Post-Modern Psychology with the aim of clarifying their approach towards the human psychopathology.
The research sample covered all the available reference books on Transcendental ...
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This qualitative research addresses the evolution of the concept of self from the perspective of Transcendental Philosophy and Post-Modern Psychology with the aim of clarifying their approach towards the human psychopathology.
The research sample covered all the available reference books on Transcendental Philosophy and Post-Modern Psychology, and the extracted information was recorded on more than 1000 note cards. The content analysis method was employed to extract the key concepts of self and human psychopathology which were later arranged in two separate tables and approved by three experts in the field. The key concepts were also compared and contrasted using the hermeneutic method; they were classified as the perspectives of Mulla Sadra and Post-Modern Psychology, and a third perspective, formulated by the researcher, was clarified on their basis.
The results indicated that while the two perspectives share some common ground on the evolution of the concept of self and the human psychopathology, they show substantial differences in the manner the concept of self is evolved, the causes of disease and their types and treatments. Having blended the earlier approaches, the researcher finally presented her own perspective.
B. Tajri (Ph.D student; H Ahadi; F. Jomehri
Volume 2, Issue 7 , February 2012, , Pages 1-29
Abstract
Background: Increased prevalence in Methamphetamine Abuse and effective treatment of addiction to this substance is one of major problems for clinisians of this domain.
Abjectives: The aim of the study consisted of evaluating effectiveness of cognitive- behavior therapy on relapse rate, craving, attitude ...
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Background: Increased prevalence in Methamphetamine Abuse and effective treatment of addiction to this substance is one of major problems for clinisians of this domain.
Abjectives: The aim of the study consisted of evaluating effectiveness of cognitive- behavior therapy on relapse rate, craving, attitude and self-restraint Addicts in Methamphetamine abuse treatment.
Methods: in this research 36 patients diagnosed as suffering Methamphetamine dependence (according to DSM-IV- TR criteria) were randomly divided into 2 groups of 18, one as experimental group and the other as control group. Members of experimental group were undergone individual therapy for 12 sessions. They completed Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID II), Attitute change test, daily report form of craving and relapse rate before initiation of therapy, in 6th and 12th session and 90 days after termination of the therapy. Control group received no CBT during the study. Data collected were analysed by analysis of variance with repeated measures & dependent t test. Results: There is statistical significant diference between means of two groups in all stages of therapy. In follow-up stage experimental group (CBT treated) show higher abstinance, lower craving and relapse and attitude change to methamphetamine. Hypthoses of research accepted. Conclusion: The results revealed that cognitive- behavioural therapy was effective in reducing craving and relapse rate, increasing abstinanse & changing attitude (mind regarding substances).Then, CBT is effective in treatment of Methamphetamine Abuse.
Atiyeh Saffārzādeh; Rasūl Roshan; Jalāleddin Shams
Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 2012, , Pages 1-23
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management in reducing the anxiety, depression and stress of women with breast cancer.
Method: This study is experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The study population was limited ...
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Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management in reducing the anxiety, depression and stress of women with breast cancer.
Method: This study is experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The study population was limited to women with breast cancer who had referred to Mostafa-Khomeyni Hospital from among which 18 patients were selected and randomly assigned between two groups: experimental group (n=9) and control group (n=9). The independent variable was cognitive-behavioral stress management which was administrated in 10 weekly sessions on the experimental group while there was no psychological treatment for the control group. The research instrument was DASS-21 and HADS. The data was analyzed using covariance analysis and based on 16 patients experience surveys.
Results: Cognitive–behavioral stress management led to reduction in the anxiety, depression and stress in DASS-21 and HADS variables among patients of the experimental group (with the anxiety and depression (P<0/01) and stress (P<0/05)).
Conclusion: Cognitive–behavioral stress management for women with breast cancer may also be used as a supplement method enhancing standard oncological treatment.
B. Ajilchi (M. S); A. BorjAli (Ph. D); M. Janbozorgi (Ph. D)
Volume 1, Issue 4 , February 2011, , Pages 1-17
Abstract
The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of parental skills training on decreasing maternal stress. So, 250 individuals were selected randomly among mothers whom their children were studying in an elementary school. They completed the parenting stress Index (PSI, Abidin, 1990), then ...
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The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of parental skills training on decreasing maternal stress. So, 250 individuals were selected randomly among mothers whom their children were studying in an elementary school. They completed the parenting stress Index (PSI, Abidin, 1990), then 80 over stressed mother’s were selected among them and ultimately 38 mothers assigned randomly in two groups as experimental and control groups. After sessions training, pre- mentioned test were applied on Mothers in both group.Using depended T test to compare two groups, revealed that parental skills training can decrease maternal stress significantly (P< %5).
Alirezā Mahmūdniā; Hasan Rastegārpūr; Farhād Jokār
Volume 2, Issue 5 , February 2012, , Pages 1-29
Abstract
Introduction: Depression is a disorder that has attracted the attention of psychologists and therapists all over the world. This study aims to clarify and elucidate two major points: a) epidemic status of depression on various levels of high school students; and b) scrutiny of group cognitive therapy ...
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Introduction: Depression is a disorder that has attracted the attention of psychologists and therapists all over the world. This study aims to clarify and elucidate two major points: a) epidemic status of depression on various levels of high school students; and b) scrutiny of group cognitive therapy influence on the reduction of irrational beliefs and depression of the students. Method: Sample consisted of 457 students, randomlyselected based by cluster sampling method. Beck's questionnaire (short form) was used and the following results were obtained: 1) %36.97 without depression; 2) %35.23 with mild depression; 3) %20.35 with average depression; 4) % 7.44 with intensive depression. Next, 36 students with average and intensive depression were matched according to their age, grades, and major. Then 16 students were randomly selected and put into two groups of eight in experimental and control groups. Both groups were tested by pre and post test of Beck's depression and Jones's irrational beliefs questionnaire. Experimental group received 10 sessions of group treatment cognition based on Ellis method of Rational Emotive Therapy. Two significant points were determined: a) paired sample t-test pertaining to pre and post tests of both groups (differences of within groups), and b) Independent sample t-test pertaining to the difference of pre and post tests scores (difference of between groups). Result: The data revealed that: A) Irrational beliefs had meaningful reduction [%95 confidence]; 1- Anxious over concern; 2- Frustration reaction; 3- Perfectionism. B) Irrational beliefs which had reduction but was not meaningful; 1- Emotional irresponsibility [Approximately meaningful]; 2- Dependency; 3- Demand for approval; 4- Problem avoidance. C) Irrational beliefs which had no reduction at all [even followed by increase]; 1- High self expectation; 2- Helplessness for change; 3- Blame proneness. However, the total score of irrational beliefs test had a meaningful reduction [%95 confidence). In that sense, there had been a meaningful reduction in the depression scores of the experimental group [%95 confidence]. Discussion: The result indicates that group cognitive therapy helps the reduction of irrational beliefs as well as student's depression simultaneously.
Rasoul Roshan; Alireza Alinaghi; Azade Tavoli
Volume 1, Issue 1 , December 2011, , Pages 1-14
Abstract
he main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of self regulation couple therapy on marital conflicts. The populations of the study were all the couples referred to pooyesh counseling center. Sample includes 16 couples who referred to clinic during 2006 to 2007. Marital conflict was ...
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he main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of self regulation couple therapy on marital conflicts. The populations of the study were all the couples referred to pooyesh counseling center. Sample includes 16 couples who referred to clinic during 2006 to 2007. Marital conflict was measured using the Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ). This is a valid questionnaire to measure marital disagreements in couples. The results of this study using Mann-Whitney Test showed that self regulation couple therapy decreases the couple’s marital conflict (P = 0/003) specially conflicts about sexual relationship(P = 0/04), emotional reactions (P = 0/008), family relations (P=0/002) and demand of child’s support (P = 0/047). Findings demonstrated that this method might be an efficient way to relief marital conflicts. These findings should encourage couple therapists to consider the role self-regulation of couples as an important factor in enhancing marital adjustment.
F. Bakhshian (M. A); A. Abolghasemi (Ph. D); M. Narimani (Ph. D)
Volume 1, Issue 3 , February 2011, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
The purpose of the present research was to compare thought control strategies and cognitive appraisal of patients with Posttraumatic stress disorder. This research is a case-control study. The research sample consisted of 40 patients with PTSD and 40 normal persons which were selected by available sampling. ...
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The purpose of the present research was to compare thought control strategies and cognitive appraisal of patients with Posttraumatic stress disorder. This research is a case-control study. The research sample consisted of 40 patients with PTSD and 40 normal persons which were selected by available sampling. To collect the data, Composite International Diagnostic Interview, Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory, Thought Control Questionnaire and The Impact of Event Scale-Revised were used. The MANOVA results showed that dysfunctional cognitive appraisal and use of inefficient thought control strategies in patients with PTSD is significantly greater than normal person. The results of multiple regressions also showed cognitive appraisal and thought control strategies percent 77 had significant contribute in prediction symptoms in patients with PTSD. The results suggested that thought control strategies and cognitive appraisal are related to PTSD symptoms. Also, the findings are consistent with Wells’ meta-cognitive model of PTSD.
Mojtaba Dalir; Ahmad Alipour; Hossein Zare; Valiollah Farzad
Abstract
Cognitive bias modification refers to the change of specific style of cognitive processing that seems to be involved in the disorders or unpleasant emotional reactions. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive bias modification on reducing the severity of obsessive compulsive ...
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Cognitive bias modification refers to the change of specific style of cognitive processing that seems to be involved in the disorders or unpleasant emotional reactions. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive bias modification on reducing the severity of obsessive compulsive disorder. For this purpose, the available sample of 60 students with obsessive compulsive disorder has been selected. The research design was a semi-experimental design and pretest-posttest design with a control group. Participants in this study completed the Maudsly Obsessional Compulsive Inventory, Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, and Obsessional Beliefs Questionnaire. Results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that (1) the cognitive bias modification reduces the severity of obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms, obsessive beliefs, and obsessive behaviors. (2) Cognitive bias modification is more effective than group cognitive-behavioral therapy in reducing the severity of obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms, obsessive beliefs, and obsessive behaviors. With regard to this finding, we can propose all psychotherapists use of cognitive bias modification therapy that is cost-effect and empirically supported as a new and easy to use in the treatment of symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder.
Yazdan Naderi; Alireza Moradi; Fateme Ramezanzade; Maedeh Vaghefinezhad
Abstract
It seems PTSD patients have difficulty in emotion regulation strategies and deal with difficult emotions.Emotional schema model as an integrated model may explain some of these features. The purpose of this study is scrutiny of emotional schema in PTSD patient. This research consisted of three groups; ...
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It seems PTSD patients have difficulty in emotion regulation strategies and deal with difficult emotions.Emotional schema model as an integrated model may explain some of these features. The purpose of this study is scrutiny of emotional schema in PTSD patient. This research consisted of three groups; PTSD, non-PTSD and (normal) non-trauma. These three groups matched in gender and age variables. Assessment tools consisted of Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I disorder (DSM-IV (SCID-I)، BDI-II, BAI, Leahy Emotional Schema Scale (LESS), Impact of Event Questionnaire (IES-R). Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA analysis and independent sample t-test. Results showed that participants with PTSD in comparison to other groups reported significantly elevated scores in maladaptive ESs (rumination, guilt, uncontrollable, blame) and lower scores in adaptive ESs (emotional self-awareness, acceptance, consensus, and comprehensibility). Also, PTSD group demonstrates significant elevated scores in BDI-II and BAI. These results highlight the clinical importance of targeting and reducing the use of ineffective emotional schema within the context of PTSD treatment, in addition to providing alternative adaptive emotional schemas.
Mansour Bayrami; Touraj Hashemi Nosratabad; Rahim Badri Gargari; Solmaz Dabiri
Abstract
The aim of the present research was to study the effectiveness of social competence training based on Flener model on social adjustment of students who are bullying victims according to the role of social goal orientation. Research design was a quasi-experimental method along with pre-test/post-test ...
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The aim of the present research was to study the effectiveness of social competence training based on Flener model on social adjustment of students who are bullying victims according to the role of social goal orientation. Research design was a quasi-experimental method along with pre-test/post-test and control group. The population consisted of girl victims who were studying at 7th and 8th grade in first stage of secondary school. Sample consisted of 96 victim students that were randomly assigned to experimental (n=48) and control (n=48) groups according to their type of social goal orientation. California Bullying Victimization Scale, Social Achievement Goal Orientation and social adjustment scales were used. Social competence training was conducted in 12 sessions during six weeks for experimental group and control group received no training. The results of the two-way univariate the analysis of covariance showed that the training is effective on increasing the social adjustment of the victims. This increase was in social mastery and in social performance-approach groups, but not in social performance- avoidance group. Overall, the results indicate that social competence training can be used to promote the social adjustment of bullying victims.
hamid golkar; parviz azad fallah
Abstract
Today mental health of staff is one of the concerns of the concerns of researchers and managers of departments and agencies. In this way it seems coping skills as ine of cognitive strategies bring healthy habits and prevent psychological and physical damage caused by stress. Research suggests that a ...
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Today mental health of staff is one of the concerns of the concerns of researchers and managers of departments and agencies. In this way it seems coping skills as ine of cognitive strategies bring healthy habits and prevent psychological and physical damage caused by stress. Research suggests that a person who knows of coping strategies and applys them properly his mental health will be guaranteed. Therefor the present study investigated the effectiveness of coping skills training on geraral health and self esteem of women employees in NAJA. Research methodology is pre experimental single group with pre test and post test. 15 female NAJA employees in Tehran who were available sample were trained in 10 session for coping skills. General health questionnaire and self esteem inventory of cooper smith were used to collect data. Also dependent test was used for analysis.
Farzad ghaderi; Mehrdad kalantari; Hosseinali mehrabi
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of group schema therapy on the modified early maladaptive schemas and reduction of social anxiety disorder symptoms in students. This was an experimental research, and a pre-test, post-test and control group design was applied. The statistical population ...
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The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of group schema therapy on the modified early maladaptive schemas and reduction of social anxiety disorder symptoms in students. This was an experimental research, and a pre-test, post-test and control group design was applied. The statistical population of this study included male students in Isfahan University with social anxiety disorder symptoms in the academic year 1392-93. The sample of the study included 20 male students among the male students in Isfahan University identified by the scales of Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) through simple random sampling. Then, they were assigned to two groups of control and experimental (n1=n2=10), and assessed with early maladaptive schemas scale and Social Phobia Inventory. The Experimental group received group schema therapy training for 2 months (8 sessions of 90 minutes) while the control group received no training at all. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed that group schema therapy in reducing symptoms of social anxiety and fear of negative evaluation and avoidance is effective, but no significant effect on symptoms of physiologically distress. In addition, the results showed that schema therapy were significantly improved early maladaptive schemas in all except two schemas abandonment / instability and subjugation (p < 0/05). Schema therapy can be used as an effective intervention for early maladaptive schemas modification and reduction of social anxiety disorder symptoms.
Azam Noferesti; Rasol Roshan; Ladan Fata; Hamid Reza Hasan Abadi; Abbas Pasandide
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of positive psychotherapy based on belief to good on signs and symptoms of depression in people with subclinical depression. According to this, a single subject multiple baselines with follow up phase will be conducted. The first, three people ...
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The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of positive psychotherapy based on belief to good on signs and symptoms of depression in people with subclinical depression. According to this, a single subject multiple baselines with follow up phase will be conducted. The first, three people with sign and symptom of depression were chosen from a Center of Psychology and Counseling in Tehran by purposeful sampling. Participants attended from 3 to7 week baseline phase. Within base line stage (3-7 weeks) therapy phase (8 weekly) and follow up step (4 month after treatment), patient fill out Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-17, and Orientations of happiness. Treatment conducted in 8 sessions of 45 minutes. At the end of treatment, participants showed decreasing trend in beck depression scores (75%) and Hamilton depression scores (85%). Also results showed improving trends in pleasure (84%), engagement (70%) and meaning (215%) subscales. These results remain during follow up phase. It seems that positive psychotherapy based on belief to good is a short-term effective treatment for decreasing negative components in recovering the persons with subclinical depression.
janan novin; Hadi Bahrami Ehsan
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of training package based on the religious-psychological education on communicative skill and control aggression. Sampling method is a voluntary sampling .The research method was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest control ...
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The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of training package based on the religious-psychological education on communicative skill and control aggression. Sampling method is a voluntary sampling .The research method was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest control group. The study population consisted of all married women in regions 11 and 12 in Tehran is at least one year and a maximum fifteen years of married life passed. The sample of study consisted of thirty-six married women in regions 11 and 12 in Tehran who were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The pre-test was administered to both groups .Then, experimental group trained seven sessions under the package was designed based on religious–psychology. Interpersonal communication skills (Monagemzadeh, 1391), and aggression AGQ (Arnold H. Buss and Perry, 1992) were conducted in control and experimental groups before and after the intervention. In order to compare pre-test and post-test, analysis of covariance was used.The final results show that the training package was designed based on religious –psychology, has a positive effect on communicative skills and control aggression.
