نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران

2 کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنائی از دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی آموزش کارکردهای اجرایی بر مهارت‌های اجتماعی و ارتباطی کودکان طیف اتیسم انجام شد. پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ هدف، بنیادی و از نظرگردآوری داده‌ها، شبه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری با گروه کنترل هست. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر کلیه کودکان طیف اتیسم با عملکرد بالا سنین 12-6 سال می‌باشند. از جامعه آماری مورد نظر تعداد 10 کودک مبتلا به اختلال طیف اتیسم با عملکرد بالا با استفاده از ویرایش چهارم آزمون هوشی وکسلر و پرسشنامه غربالگری درخودماندگی با عملکرد بالا و آسپرگر از کلینیک ذهن زیبا به صورت در دسترس انتخاب و به صورت جایگزینی تصادفی در دو گروه 5 نفره آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. گروه آزمایش برنامه درمانی را در قالب پانزده جلسه دریافت کرد و گروه کنترل برنامه عادی خود را پیگیری نمود. مهارت‌های اجتماعی و ارتباطی با استفاده از فهرست ارزشیابی درخودماندگی ارزیابی و داده‌ها با روش اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت.نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که تفاوت معناداری میان مهارت‌های اجتماعی و ارتباطی کودکان گروه آزمایش و گروه کنترل در پس‌آزمون و پیگری وجود دارد. در نتیجه این روش می‌تواند به عنوان یک مداخله در کاهش نشانگان بالینی کودکان طیف اتیسم مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Executive Functions Training Program on Social and Communication Skills of Children who have Autism spectrum disorders

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Hashemi Razini 1
  • Minoo Karampoor 2

1 Assistant professor, Department of psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

2 Master of Sience (M.S) in Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Executive Functions Training Program on Social and Communication Skills of Children who have Autism spectrum disorders. This was a quasi-experimental research, and a pre-test, post-test, follow-up and control group. To do so, 10 Autisms 7 to 12 years from special clinics of Beautiful Mind in Tehran city were selected by accessible sampling method. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) and Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) for diagnosis of Autism were used and them were randomly distributed into experimental and control groups. Social and communication skills were assessed by Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC). Experimental group received executive Functions Training for 15 one hour sessions. For analyzing statistical data, a repeated measure is used. Results indicated that there is a meaningful difference between the social and communication skills in both control and experimental group in post-test and follow up stages. It could be concluded that Executive Functions Training is effective on Decrease Clinical Symptoms of Children who have Autism spectrum disorders and can be used as an effective intervention to eliminate or decrease clinical symptoms.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Autism Spectrum Disorders
  • executive functions
  • social skills
  • Communication skills
  • and Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist
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