Saba Naderzadeh; Mahdi Khanjani
Abstract
Introduction and aim: Research shows that personality characteristics play an important role in studying factors affecting anxiety among older adults. Despite the importance of this relationship, its underlying mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the mediating ...
Read More
Introduction and aim: Research shows that personality characteristics play an important role in studying factors affecting anxiety among older adults. Despite the importance of this relationship, its underlying mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the mediating role of sense of coherence in the relationship between neuroticism and self-esteem as personality characteristics and anxiety among older adults.Methods: A cross-sectional and correlational design was used for this study. The sample included 230 community-dwelling older adults (aged 60-97) from November to December 2019 in Tehran. Data on sociodemographic variables, Geriatric Anxiety Inventory-20 (Pachana, 2007), Sense of Coherence-13 (Antonovsky, 1993), Big Five Inventory (Rammstedt & John, 2007) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) based on a multi-stage sampling approach were collected and analyzed with the structural equation modeling. Results: The older adults with high scores in neuroticism and low self-esteem showed a low level of sense of coherence. Low level of sense of coherence was associated with fewer symptoms of anxiety in older adults. Besides, sense of coherence partially mediated the relationship between personality characteristics (neuroticism and self-esteem) and anxiety in the elderly.Conclusion: Regarding the mediating effect of sense of coherence in the relationship between personality characteristics (neuroticism and self-esteem) and anxiety, improving the level of sense of coherence may be an acceptable intervention to alleviate anxiety among older adults that suffer from neuroticism and low self-esteem.
Mahdi Khanjani; Taranom Salehi; Ahmad Borjali
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Emotion Focused Therapy on parental self-efficiency and feeling of guilt in mothers of children with burn injuries. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study ...
Read More
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Emotion Focused Therapy on parental self-efficiency and feeling of guilt in mothers of children with burn injuries. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all mothers with children with burns referred to Tehran Trauma and Burn Hospital (Shahid Motahari) in the fall of 1398. Thirty of these mothers who had lower scores in the Parenting Self-Efficacy Questionnaire of Dumka et al. (1996) and Eisenhower Feelings (2007) were selected as the research sample and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent Emotion Focused Therapy for 10 sessions per week (Greenberg, 1986). The results of univariate analysis of covariance showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the self-efficacy variable despite its increase in the experimental group. However, emotion-based treatment was significantly effective in reducing the guilt of mothers of children with burn injuries (P <0.05). The results of this study showed that emotion therapy can be used to reduce guilt and negative emotions of mothers with children with burn injuries.
Saeid Aslani; Mahdi Khanjani
Abstract
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are periods of distress with sensory, psychomotor and behavioral symptoms that resemble epileptic seizures but electrophysiological correlated variations of these attacks are not commensurate to epilepsy. This disorder has a significant impact on daily-life activities ...
Read More
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are periods of distress with sensory, psychomotor and behavioral symptoms that resemble epileptic seizures but electrophysiological correlated variations of these attacks are not commensurate to epilepsy. This disorder has a significant impact on daily-life activities and leads to poor quality of life. This study aimed to examine efficacy of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) on improvement of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. This study was an empirical case study with AB design. Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures were confirmed in subjects using QEEG and assessments of a neurologist and a psychiatrist. Beck depression inventory (BDI) was filled out by the subjects before and after the interventions. Eight Psychotherapy sessions with ISTDP approach were individually held once a week. Outcomes indicated that PNES disappeared. Furthermore, post-test BDI scores were significantly lower comparing to pre-test scores. Outcomes suggest that intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy is an appropriate approach to reduce psychogenic non-epileptic seizures and it's applicable by therapists in clinical settings.
Mahdi Khanjani
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of positive psychotherapy on decreasing the students' stress, anxiety, depression and increasing their well-being. In this study, an experimental research method was adopted using a pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 34 undergraduate ...
Read More
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of positive psychotherapy on decreasing the students' stress, anxiety, depression and increasing their well-being. In this study, an experimental research method was adopted using a pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 34 undergraduate students were sampled out of 1200 students in academic year 2013-2014 University of Shahid Beheshti. Using convenience sampling, the participants were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The instruments employed in the study included Depression/ Anxiety and Stress Scale Lovibond (1995) and positive psychotherapy inventory (Rashid & Seligman, 2013). The positive psychotherapy was trained to the experimental group on a weekly basis during six two-hour sessions. The results of covariance indicated that positive psychotherapy was effective in decreasing stress, anxiety, depression and increasing the students' well-being and that their permanence was observed two months after the experiment. Because the early period of the students' life is stressful, and as the results represented, positive psychotherapy can be beneficial for students as an effective way to strengthen the psychological resources and mental health.
Mahdi Khanjani
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on increasing satisfaction with life, optimism and positive effects of students. The method of this study was semi-experimental and adopted pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 34 undergraduate students ...
Read More
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on increasing satisfaction with life, optimism and positive effects of students. The method of this study was semi-experimental and adopted pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 34 undergraduate students among 1200 students in academic year 2013-2014 University of Shahid Beheshti were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The study instruments included satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin, 1985), Revised Life Orientation Test (Scheire, Carver & Bridges, 1994) and. Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark & Carey, 1988). The positive psychotherapy on a weekly basis during six two-hour sessions was trained to experimental group. The results of covariance indicated that positive psychotherapy was effective in increasing satisfaction with Life, optimism and positive affects in students (p< 0.05) and that their permanence was observed two months after the experiment. In sum, based on the results of the study, the positive psychotherapy is effective to increasing satisfaction with Life, optimism and positive affects in students. It can be used in promotion of mental health in universities freshman students.
