Hajar Massah; Sayyed Meysam Dibaji
Abstract
Stress is one of the most important social factors which are effective in disturbing psychological balance. Regarding the length of time the people spend in working environment, this issue is of high importance in the field of employees. One the other hand, during past decades, there has been much attention ...
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Stress is one of the most important social factors which are effective in disturbing psychological balance. Regarding the length of time the people spend in working environment, this issue is of high importance in the field of employees. One the other hand, during past decades, there has been much attention paid to psychological features and positive psychological processes in positive organizational research in the studies; specifically, it is well known that these constructs are effective in the human's welfare, optimism, vitality, and self-mastery are some cases in point. The effectiveness of above-mentioned variables on the stress has been investigated in the present study. The study sample includes 110 employees working at Isfahan industrial companies. The sample has been selected using stratified random sampling method appropriate for the sample size. The study instruments include Eliot Job Stress Questionnaire, Scheier and Carver optimism questionnaire, Nix, Ryan, Manly & Deci vitality questionnaire and Pearlin and Schoolers Self-mastery. The data analysis method adopted was step-wise regression. In regression analysis, first, optimism, second, vitality, then self-mastery were recognized as perceived stress predictors. The relationships between positive variables and stress have been reported to be opposite. Based on the results analyzed, three above-mentioned variables have had the capability to explain 36% of stress variance. The results of the study imply that working on positive variables to make them act effectively on decreasing stress is of high value in the organizations.
Mahdi Khanjani
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on increasing satisfaction with life, optimism and positive effects of students. The method of this study was semi-experimental and adopted pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 34 undergraduate students ...
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on increasing satisfaction with life, optimism and positive effects of students. The method of this study was semi-experimental and adopted pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 34 undergraduate students among 1200 students in academic year 2013-2014 University of Shahid Beheshti were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The study instruments included satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin, 1985), Revised Life Orientation Test (Scheire, Carver & Bridges, 1994) and. Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark & Carey, 1988). The positive psychotherapy on a weekly basis during six two-hour sessions was trained to experimental group. The results of covariance indicated that positive psychotherapy was effective in increasing satisfaction with Life, optimism and positive affects in students (p< 0.05) and that their permanence was observed two months after the experiment. In sum, based on the results of the study, the positive psychotherapy is effective to increasing satisfaction with Life, optimism and positive affects in students. It can be used in promotion of mental health in universities freshman students.
Mahmood Najafi; Hasan Ahadi; Faramarze Sohrabi; Ali Delavar
Abstract
The aim of this research was to present the life satisfaction path analysis predictive model Predictive Model of Life Satisfaction based on positive psychology constructs. For this purpose, 100 employees of Tehran University were selected by multiple cluster sampling method. The instruments used in this ...
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The aim of this research was to present the life satisfaction path analysis predictive model Predictive Model of Life Satisfaction based on positive psychology constructs. For this purpose, 100 employees of Tehran University were selected by multiple cluster sampling method. The instruments used in this study were spiritual well-being, religiosity, hope, optimism, self-esteem, self-efficacy and life satisfaction. The collected data were analyzed using LISREL 7/8 by path analysis method. Results showed that that in the first presented model only, some indexes were fitted. So the modified model showed better fitting through data. Results indicated that spirituality; religiosity, hope, self-esteem, and self-efficacy variables have significant direct relationship with life satisfaction. Also, there is a significant indirect relationship between spirituality and religiosity with life satisfaction through hope, optimism, self-esteem, and self-efficacy variables. There was not significant relationship between gender, marital and economic status with life satisfaction. Finally in this research the role of positive psychology constructs were confirmed in life satisfaction that this finding indicates the importance of positive psychology constructs in life satisfaction.
Somayyeh Sha'bani; Azadeh Bolouki; Esma'il Mamsharifi
Volume 2, Issue 8 , February 2012, , Pages 93-117
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the role of self-efficacy, social support and optimism in predicting mental wellbeing in order to develop a structural model in students. A sample of 293 BA, MA and PhD students from Faculty of Psychology of Allameh Tabataba'i University was selected through stratified ...
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This study aims to investigate the role of self-efficacy, social support and optimism in predicting mental wellbeing in order to develop a structural model in students. A sample of 293 BA, MA and PhD students from Faculty of Psychology of Allameh Tabataba'i University was selected through stratified sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using LISREL and SPSS software, and the direct, indirect and overall impacts of the variables of self-efficacy, social support and optimism on mental wellbeing were investigated.
The results led to the composition of a model. In the obtained model, the results indicate that a desirable level of self-efficacy, optimism and social support have a significant impact on happiness. In addition, the two variables of self-efficacy and optimism showed a direct and significant impact on happiness. In the discussed model, the variables of self-efficacy and optimism were able to explain 42 percent of the variance of mental wellbeing.
In conclusion, it seems that any increase in the level of the students’ self-efficacy, social support and optimism heightens their feeling of mental wellbeing. As found in the final model, the three variables directly and indirectly improve the feeling of mental wellbeing
