Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
- Sudeh Esmaili Alamuti 1
- Ahmad Borjali 2
- Hossein Eskandari 3
- Mohammad Reza Mohammadi 4
- Mohammad Asgari 5
1 Ph. D Student in Allameh Tabataba'i University
2 Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
3 . Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
4 Professor, Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 Associate Professor, Department of Psychometric, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
An important cognitive control process is the ability to inhibit that mature at different rates during childhood to adolescence. The aim of our research was to construct and validate computer based Stroop animal size test in children for measuring selective attention and response inhibition. In this survey study, we prepared computer based Stroop animal size test, after the approval of experts and software development, at first test-retest reliability with a two week was evaluated in a separate sample (N=50, 5-12 years old children), then data was collected from 92 children 5-12 years old (46 girls and 46 boys) included 22 children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder studied in the academic year 2022-2023 in Alborz province. Participants decided the real size of animals by pressing response keys on computer. ANOVA, Multivariate analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients and Cronbach α were used to assess reliability and validity (p<0.05). The findings showed test-retest reliability in significant range (p<0.01). The correlation was high for Stroopnum, (r=0.83), Inconsistent answers, (r=0.72), Wrong answers, (r=0.89) but lower for Consistent answers, (r=0.28) and Reaction time, (r=0.41). To assess the internal consistency, Cronbach Alpha 0.91 computed. ANOVA analysis for comparing children's function in different age groups was (p<0.000), that showed the performance of young children in this component of Stroop test had significant difference from other ages. Multivariate analysis was used in comparing children with ADHD to the control group, results showed significant difference between groups in Stroop components, (p<0.007). This computerized Stroop animal size test had satisfactory reliability and validity. This instrument can measure cognitive functions such as selective attention, inhibition and cognitive flexibility in children.
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