hossein mohagheghi; Mohammad Minaei; Abolghasem Yaghoobi; Mehran Farhadi
Abstract
purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction program on the dimensions of hardiness in children with cancer.Method: The present study was an experimental type with pre-test-post-test design with experimental and control group. The statistical population ...
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purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction program on the dimensions of hardiness in children with cancer.Method: The present study was an experimental type with pre-test-post-test design with experimental and control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of mothers of children with cancer who were hospitalized in Besat Hospital in May and June 2009, and 43 people announced their readiness to participate in the study. Finally, according to the criteria of entry and exit and drop of the subject, 28 people were selected as a sample and randomly placed in the experimental and control groups, and then after the pre-test; The 8-session Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program was implemented on the experimental group and performed on the experimental and control groups using the kobasa Hardiness Questionnaire after completing the post-test training course. after completing the training, due to the observance of ethical standards, the control group was also trained. Data were tested using covariance statistical analysis.Results: The results of the study indicated that the mindfulness-based stress reduction program increases the overall score of hardiness in mothers of children with cancer (p = 0.020, F = 17.6). Also, a significant effect was observed on the dimensions of challenge and commitment, but no significant effect was found on the control dimension.Conclusion: In this study, mindfulness-based stress reduction program increased the scales of challenge and control scores in mothers of children with cancer by impressing the hardiness mechanism. Therefore, the program can be performed on mothers during their children's hospital stay to make it easier for them to tolerance their child's illness.
Saeed RezaYi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the acceptance and commitment therapy for reducing depression, anxiety and stress in parents with autism spectrum children. This research was an experimental study with a pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical population included ...
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the acceptance and commitment therapy for reducing depression, anxiety and stress in parents with autism spectrum children. This research was an experimental study with a pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical population included all mothers with autistic children who referred to the Tehran April 2 Autism center in 2017-2018. Eighteen mothers with autistic children were selected as the sample and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21(DASS-21) was used for collecting the data. The data were analyzed through MANCOVA and by following statistical assumptions required for data analysis. The therapeutic program was run in 12 successive sessions for two months, with each session lasting for two hours. The results showed that in the post-test, the scores of depression, anxiety, and stress reduced significantly for mothers in the experimental group compared to their counterparts in the control group. Based on the effectiveness of the Acceptance and commitment therapy for the experimental group (i.e., mothers with Autistic Children in the experimental group, p < 0.001), this method can be used as a psychological treatment intervention along with other intervention methods.
Shiva Sakhaie; Mohamad Asgari; Ahmad Borjali; Amir hoosein Mahmoodi
Abstract
Job is one of the most important issues in the discussion of human resources, and since the discussion of job stress in the flight crew and its relationship with the performance of the flight crew is very important and vital. This research is about recognizing and developing a model for job stress among ...
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Job is one of the most important issues in the discussion of human resources, and since the discussion of job stress in the flight crew and its relationship with the performance of the flight crew is very important and vital. This research is about recognizing and developing a model for job stress among the cabin crew of Mahan Airline. The qualitative research methodology has been followed by qualitative inductive approach and grounded theory, that is the common approach in this case. The population of this research has two sections; the first section includes the new related scientific documents from 10 to 20 texts that are collected by using targeted approach until achieving domination criteria. Inductive qualitative content analysis method was applied for analyzing the specialized texts that are related to the research. The second population contains the whole flight crew of Mahan Airline Company. The research sample is chosen by using targeted and snowball method and by 37 items has been reached to theoretical saturation. The data are gathered by Semi-structured approach and they are analyzed by Straws & Corbin(1998) systematic analysis method. A total of 260 opening codes and 19 axial codes were extracted, which were categorized into 5 selected codes. as a result the job stress model of Mahan Airline flight crew is established and then is validated by focus group. The results show that the established pattern for job stress has five main aspects including the job stress nature, appearing job stress, the sources and conditions of job stress, reaction to job stress and consequences of job stress, and there is connection among them.
Ali Akbar Haddadi Kuhsar; alireza moradi; Bagher Ghobari Bonab; Farnad Imani
Volume 8, Issue 31 , July 2018, , Pages 1-30
Abstract
The main aim of the current study was to compare the effectiveness of spiritual therapy based on Iranian culture with mindfulness based on reduction stress (MBSR) in reducing depression, anxiety and stress in patients with chronic pain. All subjects who are suffer from Muscular-Skeletal ...
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The main aim of the current study was to compare the effectiveness of spiritual therapy based on Iranian culture with mindfulness based on reduction stress (MBSR) in reducing depression, anxiety and stress in patients with chronic pain. All subjects who are suffer from Muscular-Skeletal disease were recruited from Hazrat-e-Rassoul Hospital, (Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran). Design of the study was quasi experimental pretest-posttest-control group design with follow-up stage. 45 patients randomly were assigned in three groups: Spiritual therapy, mindfulness therapy and control group. Each group constituted of intervention comprised of eight 90-minutes-sessions. Demographic information’s and depression, anxiety and stress scale were used to gather data. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance with repeated measurement. Analysis of data revealed that spiritual therapy and mindfulness therapy were not significantly different in reduction depression, anxiety and stress in patients with chronic pain (These treatment were equally effective). More ever, comparing pairs in groups revealed that depression, anxiety and stress were different in treatment and follow up stages. Both spiritual therapy and mindfulness therapy were different from the control group. Spiritual therapy and mindfulness therapy were lower in depression, anxiety and stress in compare to control group. In other word effectiveness of spiritual therapy and mindfulness therapy were more than control group in patients with chronic pain. Results showed that spiritual therapy and mindfulness therapy were effective in reduction of depression, anxiety and stress in patients with chronic pain.
Maryam Safara; mohamad hatami; farnoosh Pashangzadeh
Abstract
Stress is one of the effective factors in people's performance. Job and existing conditions of working environment can cause stress. One of the jobs that due to its nature is causing too much stress is nursing job. Various factors are involved in reducing stress, of which are spiritual skills. This study ...
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Stress is one of the effective factors in people's performance. Job and existing conditions of working environment can cause stress. One of the jobs that due to its nature is causing too much stress is nursing job. Various factors are involved in reducing stress, of which are spiritual skills. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of training spiritual skills on stress and stressful Features of Nursing mothers. The Study population of this semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test research design with control group, consisted of all female nurses of Milad Hospital (150 people) whom complete the questionnaire. 30 individuals with higher scores in stress were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Data collection tools include spiritual skill training package and abidin parental stress index (PSI) with parental realm (54 items). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance method & Levin univariate ANOVA. The hypothesis that training spiritual skills is effective in reducing nursing mothers' job stress is confirmed (F=24.977; Df=1 and 27; Sig=0.001). The results of the study imply that Spiritual skill training was effective in reducing stress and stressful features of nursing mothers. Keywords: Spiritual Therapies, Mothers, Nurses, Stress
morteza rouzbahani; parisa sharifi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to comparison of the severity of depression symptoms and the speed of information processing among patients with post-traumatic stress disorder and normal adolescents. The research design was causal-comparative. The research population consisted of normal adolescents and ...
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The purpose of this study was to comparison of the severity of depression symptoms and the speed of information processing among patients with post-traumatic stress disorder and normal adolescents. The research design was causal-comparative. The research population consisted of normal adolescents and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder in the city of Karaj in the winter of 2018. The sample consisted of 52 participants (26 patients with post-traumatic stress disorder and 26 normal people) which were selected by Convenience method, and matched according to age and gender. Data were collected from child depression inventory (CDI) and WISC-IV Test. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The findings showed that in comparison with normal people, patients with post-traumatic stress disorder show a higher level of negative mood, higher self-esteem and inefficiency, and lower processing speed. However, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of lack of pleasure and Relationship problems. Therefore, it can be concluded that in comparison with normal adolescents, adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder are more prone to experiencing mood symptoms and cognitive problems such as weaknesses in information processing. As a result, attention to these issues is essential in the treatment of people with posttraumatic stress disorder.
abdollah moatamedi; Mohammad Ali Soltani; Atie Hamedi
Abstract
The present study was conducted to identify the symptoms and to design the Relocation Stress Syndrome model for nursing home residents. For this purpose, after scrutinizing literature review in this field, questions for semi-structured interviews were extracted. An Interview was conducted with 16 elderly ...
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The present study was conducted to identify the symptoms and to design the Relocation Stress Syndrome model for nursing home residents. For this purpose, after scrutinizing literature review in this field, questions for semi-structured interviews were extracted. An Interview was conducted with 16 elderly people who were settled in nursing home for less than two months. After transcription, interviews were coded by Grounded theory method. Of the 16 interviews conducted, 112 codes were identified in the Open Coding step; 12 sub-categories were identified in the Axial Coding step and 5 central categories were identified in the selected coding step. Central categories included clinical symptoms, relocation intentions, satisfaction, environmental aspect and physical symptoms. After identifying the symptoms of relocation stress syndrome, the categories were analyzed and categorized in the variables of causal conditions, mediator conditions, consequences and phenomena, and finally, a qualitative model was presented based on the relationship between the categories. The final illustrated pattern demonstrates the effect of accelerating and originating factors including independence in decision making for relocation and the environmental and behavioral factors of the nursing homes in the emergence of relocation stress syndrome. In fact, the volunteering and satisfaction of the elderly on the one hand and the availability of environmental factors on the other hand have a significant role in accepting the new environment by the elderly.
salman zarei
Abstract
The aim of present study was to examine effectiveness of stress inoculation training on vocational stress of active elderly Parkinson's patients. In this pretest–posttest quasi- experimental research with control group, 30 Parkinson’ patient who referred to Bessat Hospital in Tehran at 1396 ...
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The aim of present study was to examine effectiveness of stress inoculation training on vocational stress of active elderly Parkinson's patients. In this pretest–posttest quasi- experimental research with control group, 30 Parkinson’ patient who referred to Bessat Hospital in Tehran at 1396 were selected via convenience sampling method and randomly divided into the experimental group (n=15) and control group (n=15). The experimental group underwent eight–sessions of stress inoculation training program and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data was collected using Rice’ Vocational Stress questionnaire (1992). Collected data was analyzed by covariance analysis. The results showed that stress inoculation training decreases vocational stress of elderly Parkinson's patients in a way that a significance difference in resiliency (p<0.01) between the experimental and control groups after the intervention. So, using stress management techniques based on stress inoculation training program can helps Parkinson's Elderly to cope with the inevitable difficulties of working life.
Mohammad Khodayarifard; Saeed Akbari-Zardkhaneh
Abstract
Historically, psychologists have been interested in categorizing and measurement of coping styles. Moreover, development of culture-specific measures has been neglected in the coping literature. The present study is intended to develop and validate a parsimonious and broad measure of coping style in ...
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Historically, psychologists have been interested in categorizing and measurement of coping styles. Moreover, development of culture-specific measures has been neglected in the coping literature. The present study is intended to develop and validate a parsimonious and broad measure of coping style in Iran. An item pool of 80 items was administered on a random sample of 911 university students in ten groups. A principled components analysis was performed on a subsample and a confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the remaining subsample. Twelve concurrent measures were used to ensure concurrent validity. A principled components analysis suggested a nine-factor solution. A confirmatory factor analysis on a distinct subsample confirmed the nine-factor structure. Subscales were labeled as turning to religion, procrastination, positivity, self-blame, avoidance, seeking social support, problem solving, wishful thinking, and passivity. All subscales were significantly correlated with theoretically related constructs. Alpha coefficients of the subscales ranged from 0.77 (problem solving) to 0.92 (turning to religion). The present study developed and validated the 45-item Iranian Coping Style Scale (ICSS) with nine subscales. Therefore, ICSS may be used as a reliable and valid measure of coping styles in research and clinical settings.
Abbas Rahiminezhad; Amir Mahmoud Hushmand Chatroidi; Javad Ejei
Abstract
Since Frankl (1985) has introduced the role of meaning in life in mental health, some psychologists tried to operationalize this concept and study in this field (Crumbaugh and Maholic, 1964; Batista & Almond, 1973; Steger et al., 2006). By development of new instrument in the domain of life's meaning ...
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Since Frankl (1985) has introduced the role of meaning in life in mental health, some psychologists tried to operationalize this concept and study in this field (Crumbaugh and Maholic, 1964; Batista & Almond, 1973; Steger et al., 2006). By development of new instrument in the domain of life's meaning by Schnell (2009), the wider investigation of mental health and meaning in life has been provided. The present study aims at determining the relationship between four sources of life including life meaningfulness, the crisis of life's significance, spirituality, and religiosity and indices of mental health. Therefore, a sample comprising 126 participants (53= female; 73= male) among the students of University of Tehran carried out the questionnaire for investigating the sources of life's meaning (SoMe) and a brief form for the scale of depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS-21). The results were analyzed by Pearson Correlation. Among the variables of life's meaning, the crisis of life's meaning showed the highest positive correlation with depression (r = 0.62, p ˂ 0.01) and stress (r = 0.39, p ˂ 0.01). Also, the life meaningfulness showed the highest negative relationship with depression (r = -0.52, p ˂ 0.01) and stress (r = - 0.34, p ˂ 0.01). In conclusion, considering the meaning of life as an important associate of mental health seems essential in order to decrease the depression and stress, and improving the general health of society.
saeid pourroostaei ardakani
Abstract
The negative signs of stress can be reduced or even eliminated if they are recognized early. Hence, the level of stress needs to be continuously measured and reported especially if the stressors are frequent or continuous. M-health is a new technology to provide mobile healthcare services including mental ...
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The negative signs of stress can be reduced or even eliminated if they are recognized early. Hence, the level of stress needs to be continuously measured and reported especially if the stressors are frequent or continuous. M-health is a new technology to provide mobile healthcare services including mental and behavioral. It allows the healthcare specialists and patients are linked beyond their mobility and physical location while the system is connected. This paper presents the system model for an M-mental healthcare system which automatically detects stress. This system, which is called MSAS, continuously measures the stress level using wearable sensors connected to a mobile phone. The consumer gets alarm and/or the mental healthcare team receives a call if the stress level is recognized above a particular threshold. MathLab is used to simulate and evaluate MSAS. The results show that MSAS offers benefits to detect stress with an acceptable level of accuracy.
Noor Ali Farokhi
Abstract
This research was carried out in order to predict the social anxiety based on the level of stress and timidity in students of Islamic Azad University of Boroujerd. The present research was fundamental in terms of purpose, and it was descriptive-correlation with the type of prediction in terms of method. ...
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This research was carried out in order to predict the social anxiety based on the level of stress and timidity in students of Islamic Azad University of Boroujerd. The present research was fundamental in terms of purpose, and it was descriptive-correlation with the type of prediction in terms of method. The statistical sample of this research was composed of two-hundred undergraduate and master students in Azad Islamic University of Boroujerd, and all of them participated in this study. Data were collected by using social anxiety (SPIN_2000), Stofford's timidity and stress (DASS_21) questionnaires. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Multivariate Regression Analysis were applied to analyze the data by step by step method. Data Analysis showed that social anxiety is predictable based on stress and timidity, and these two variables could predict twenty-six percent of variant variance of social anxiety. Research findings indicated the significance of stress and timidity in social anxiety. Most of the university students encounter different stressors and factors that cause their anxiety in social occasions to be appeared. Also, these findings can raise the importance and role of timidity in outbreak of social anxiety disorder to a great extent, however it has not still considered as a separate disorder.
Mahdi Khanjani
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of positive psychotherapy on decreasing the students' stress, anxiety, depression and increasing their well-being. In this study, an experimental research method was adopted using a pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 34 undergraduate ...
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The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of positive psychotherapy on decreasing the students' stress, anxiety, depression and increasing their well-being. In this study, an experimental research method was adopted using a pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 34 undergraduate students were sampled out of 1200 students in academic year 2013-2014 University of Shahid Beheshti. Using convenience sampling, the participants were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The instruments employed in the study included Depression/ Anxiety and Stress Scale Lovibond (1995) and positive psychotherapy inventory (Rashid & Seligman, 2013). The positive psychotherapy was trained to the experimental group on a weekly basis during six two-hour sessions. The results of covariance indicated that positive psychotherapy was effective in decreasing stress, anxiety, depression and increasing the students' well-being and that their permanence was observed two months after the experiment. Because the early period of the students' life is stressful, and as the results represented, positive psychotherapy can be beneficial for students as an effective way to strengthen the psychological resources and mental health.
Mohammad Pourasadi; shaghayegh pourasadi
Abstract
Challenges like employees' psychological strain and organisational changes have forced governments and organisations to define new major procedures in governmental section. These changes should be reviewed especially for police employees who are under the pressures and stresses from their policing job. ...
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Challenges like employees' psychological strain and organisational changes have forced governments and organisations to define new major procedures in governmental section. These changes should be reviewed especially for police employees who are under the pressures and stresses from their policing job. The present study is intended to identify the occupational stresses and their intra-organisational and inter-organisational effects in preventive police of Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI). This is a descriptive heuristic research based on an applied goal and a statistical society consisting of senior officers (Senior Management) of preventive police of IRI. 230 people of the society were randomly selected from all over the country. After interviewing the seniors and commanders and completing the questionnaires, the results were analysed by PLS and SPSS software packages. The findings showed that the variables were a combination of internal and external factors and R2 was equal to 0.821; so the value of R2 is correct and therefore the constructed model is validated. According to the results, the hypothesis that the two intra-organisational and inter-organisational factors can impact the stress level of the police employees is confirmed; and after ranking, intra-organisational factors showed greater impacts on the stress levels as compared to the inter-organisational factors.
Hajar Massah; Sayyed Meysam Dibaji
Abstract
Stress is one of the most important social factors which are effective in disturbing psychological balance. Regarding the length of time the people spend in working environment, this issue is of high importance in the field of employees. One the other hand, during past decades, there has been much attention ...
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Stress is one of the most important social factors which are effective in disturbing psychological balance. Regarding the length of time the people spend in working environment, this issue is of high importance in the field of employees. One the other hand, during past decades, there has been much attention paid to psychological features and positive psychological processes in positive organizational research in the studies; specifically, it is well known that these constructs are effective in the human's welfare, optimism, vitality, and self-mastery are some cases in point. The effectiveness of above-mentioned variables on the stress has been investigated in the present study. The study sample includes 110 employees working at Isfahan industrial companies. The sample has been selected using stratified random sampling method appropriate for the sample size. The study instruments include Eliot Job Stress Questionnaire, Scheier and Carver optimism questionnaire, Nix, Ryan, Manly & Deci vitality questionnaire and Pearlin and Schoolers Self-mastery. The data analysis method adopted was step-wise regression. In regression analysis, first, optimism, second, vitality, then self-mastery were recognized as perceived stress predictors. The relationships between positive variables and stress have been reported to be opposite. Based on the results analyzed, three above-mentioned variables have had the capability to explain 36% of stress variance. The results of the study imply that working on positive variables to make them act effectively on decreasing stress is of high value in the organizations.
Atiyeh Saffārzādeh; Rasūl Roshan; Jalāleddin Shams
Volume 2, Issue 6 , February 2012, , Pages 1-23
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management in reducing the anxiety, depression and stress of women with breast cancer.
Method: This study is experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The study population was limited ...
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Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management in reducing the anxiety, depression and stress of women with breast cancer.
Method: This study is experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The study population was limited to women with breast cancer who had referred to Mostafa-Khomeyni Hospital from among which 18 patients were selected and randomly assigned between two groups: experimental group (n=9) and control group (n=9). The independent variable was cognitive-behavioral stress management which was administrated in 10 weekly sessions on the experimental group while there was no psychological treatment for the control group. The research instrument was DASS-21 and HADS. The data was analyzed using covariance analysis and based on 16 patients experience surveys.
Results: Cognitive–behavioral stress management led to reduction in the anxiety, depression and stress in DASS-21 and HADS variables among patients of the experimental group (with the anxiety and depression (P<0/01) and stress (P<0/05)).
Conclusion: Cognitive–behavioral stress management for women with breast cancer may also be used as a supplement method enhancing standard oncological treatment.
Farāmarz Sohrābi; Mehrnūsh Dārini; Hussein Dāvūdi
Volume 2, Issue 5 , February 2012, , Pages 28-49
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) on reduction of stress, anxiety and depression in working women. The research methodology was semi-experimental.
The statistical population of this research consisted of all those women employed in private ...
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The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) on reduction of stress, anxiety and depression in working women. The research methodology was semi-experimental.
The statistical population of this research consisted of all those women employed in private sector of Tehran Welfare organization in the year 2010. In this procedure 24 of the female staff who gained higher average scores in Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) were randomly selected and divided into two groups of 12 each, as an experimental and control groups. Experimental group received SIT through ten 2-hour sessions. Both groups were tested and evaluated twice (pre-test, post-test).
The results of the study obtained from analysis of covariance indicated that the mass SIT intervention is effective in reduction of stress, anxiety and depression amongst working women.
According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that the SIT is an effective technique to reduce stress, anxiety and depression.
zahra nematipour; mahmoud golzari; fariborz baqeri
Volume 2, Issue 7 , February 2012, , Pages 31-59
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of collective patience training on the reduction of depression and stress symptoms caused by bereavement in bereaved mothers.
The study used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest along with experimental and control groups. The data-gathering instruments ...
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This study aims to examine the effectiveness of collective patience training on the reduction of depression and stress symptoms caused by bereavement in bereaved mothers.
The study used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest along with experimental and control groups. The data-gathering instruments were Beck Depression Inventory-2 (BDI-II) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14). The population of this research included the bereaved mothers who had three to twelve months of bereaved history, and their depression scores in BDI-II inventory were in range of severe depression. The sample consisted of 18 bereaved mothers who were randomly placed in experimental and control groups. Then, the experimental group received 10 weekly sessions (90 minutes) of patience training. Finally, a post-test was administered after the therapy sessions for both groups.
The results of the study were analyzed by independent samples t-test. The test of assumptions showed that the differences between experimental and control groups were significant in variables of depression and stress, and the intervention reduced depression and stress in bereaved mothers. The results showed that patience training is an effective therapy for reduction of depression and stress in bereaved mothers.
