Research Paper
Ahmad Borjali; Hasan Taheri
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Loneliness, a subjective feeling of social isolation and disconnection, has emerged as a significant public health concern with wide-ranging implications. This review aims to comprehensively examine loneliness as a public health issue, exploring its associated health risks, ...
Read More
Introduction and Objective: Loneliness, a subjective feeling of social isolation and disconnection, has emerged as a significant public health concern with wide-ranging implications. This review aims to comprehensively examine loneliness as a public health issue, exploring its associated health risks, underlying mechanisms, and potential interventions.Research Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted using various databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Studies investigating the health implications of loneliness, its underlying mechanisms, and potential interventions were included.Findings: The review highlights a strong association between loneliness and increased mortality risk, comparable to that of smoking and obesity. Loneliness is also linked to a heightened risk of various physical and mental health problems, including cardiovascular disease, dementia, depression, and anxiety. The underlying mechanisms linking loneliness to poor health outcomes involve dysregulation of the stress response system, impaired immune function, and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. Interventions targeting social connection and support have shown promise in reducing loneliness and improving health outcomes.Discussion and Conclusion: Loneliness represents a significant public health challenge with serious consequences for individuals and society. Addressing loneliness requires a multi-faceted approach encompassing public awareness campaigns, community-based interventions, and healthcare provider training. Future research should focus on identifying effective interventions and tailoring them to diverse populations. It is imperative to recognize loneliness as a public health priority and implement comprehensive strategies to promote social connection and well-being.
Research Paper
Nader Mansouri; Fatteme Raiisi; Hamed Moqaddam
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: A thorough understanding of how people with schizophrenia experience critical situations such as an epidemic is important. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the lived experiences of patients with schizophrenia residing in a care center during the COVID-19 pandemic.Research ...
Read More
Introduction and Objective: A thorough understanding of how people with schizophrenia experience critical situations such as an epidemic is important. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the lived experiences of patients with schizophrenia residing in a care center during the COVID-19 pandemic.Research Methodology: The qualitative research method used was phenomenology. Patients with schizophrenia who were residing at the Sarai Ehsan Rehabilitation Center were selected purposefully. Based on the rule of theoretical saturation, sampling continued until 31 patients were included. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The analysis method followed Colaizzi's approach, and the data were manually analyzed by the researchers.Findings: Data analysis led to the identification of 308 primary codes. Five main themes were extracted: (1) patients’ perceptions and causes of the disease, (2) patients’ views about quarantine, (3) feelings and emotions during the period of quarantine and illness, (4) patients’ actions during the period of quarantine and illness, and (5) sources of information about the disease. These main themes included 32 sub-themes.Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Coronavirus pandemic and the resulting quarantine significantly affected the experiences of patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatrists and clinical psychologists are encouraged to use these findings in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia during infectious disease outbreaks.
Research Paper
Mahshid Pourhosein; Soqra Ebrahimighavam; Mehdi Aslanzadeh; Majid Firouzkouhi berenj abadi
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Eye-tracking has emerged as a powerful tool in psychology, education, and technology, and understanding its global research trends is essential for mapping its scholarly evolution. This study aims to explore the global trends and developmental trajectory of Eye Tracking research ...
Read More
Introduction and Objective: Eye-tracking has emerged as a powerful tool in psychology, education, and technology, and understanding its global research trends is essential for mapping its scholarly evolution. This study aims to explore the global trends and developmental trajectory of Eye Tracking research by employing a scient metric analysis to offer a holistic overview of its scholarly growth and impact.Research Methodology: A systematic search was conducted in the Web of Science database, retrieving 4,370 relevant articles published between 1990 and 2021. The data were analyzed using VOS viewer software through co-authorship networks, keyword co-occurrence mapping, and trend visualization techniques. Findings: The results reveal a significant and accelerating growth in Eye Tracking publications, particularly over the past decade. Prominent keywords such as Eye-tracking, Movements, Information, Attention, Perception, Children, and Performance reflect the field's thematic diversity and growing relevance across various disciplines. A notable shift in research focus is observed—from early investigations into psychological disorders to more recent emphasis on cognitive processes and executive functions.Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive roadmap of the evolution of Eye Tracking research, offering valuable insights into past trends, present hotspots, and future directions, with implications for its application in domains such as education, marketing, and technology.Value: The novelty of this research lies in its integrative use of scient metric tools to identify emerging topics, map interdisciplinary connections, and highlight underexplored areas in Eye Tracking studies.
Research Paper
Mehdi Pourrezaeian
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Negative body image is one of the most common problems among women and is associated with various psychological disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and depression. This issue appears to be a psycho-social problem; therefore, ...
Read More
Introduction and Objective: Negative body image is one of the most common problems among women and is associated with various psychological disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and depression. This issue appears to be a psycho-social problem; therefore, group psychotherapies may serve as effective treatment methods. Despite its potential suitability, psychodrama has rarely been used in studies addressing negative body image. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group psychodrama on the modulation of negative body image in a group of girls.Research Methodology: Fifteen girls with negative body image, aged 18 to 22 years, participated in this randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 8) and a control group (n = 7). The intervention group attended 12 sessions of group psychodrama, while the control group was placed on a waiting list. The effectiveness of the intervention was evaluated using the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ).Findings: The findings showed that group psychodrama was significantly effective in modifying the negative body image of the participants.Conclusion: Group psychodrama is effective in moderating negative body image and demonstrates feasibility as a therapeutic method for addressing similar problems.
Research Paper
Ali Mohammadzadeh; Fariba Soltani Shahgoli; Hoorieh Farsad Khatibi; Mina Golkarian
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: The Multidimensional Orientation Toward Dying and Death Inventory (MODDI-F) is a 47-item self-report scale. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the MODDI-F in a sample of Muslims.Research Methodology: In this study, which was a cross-sectional design, ...
Read More
Introduction and Objective: The Multidimensional Orientation Toward Dying and Death Inventory (MODDI-F) is a 47-item self-report scale. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the MODDI-F in a sample of Muslims.Research Methodology: In this study, which was a cross-sectional design, 465 individuals (220 men and 245 women) were selected by random sampling and completed the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), the Death Obsession Scale (DOS), the Death Depression Scale (DDS), and the MODDI-F. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis and multiple analyses of variance (MANOVA).Findings: The factor analysis results using principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the MODDI-F was a multidimensional scale and four factors including fear of oneself death, fear of other’s death, death loneliness, and death acceptance explained the most variances respectively. Females had higher scores on the MODDI-F than males. In order to examine concurrent validity of the MODDI-F, the relations of the MODDI-F to the DAS, the DOS, and the DDS were investigated. The results showed that the MODDI-F had an appropriate concurrent validity. In addition, three types of reliability (test-retest, split-half, and internal consistency) were reported.Conclusion: Considering desirable psychometric properties of the MODDI-F in the present study, this scale can be used in research on death among Iranian people.
Research Paper
Elaheh Hejazi Moughari; Mohammad Mahdi Yousefi; Keyvan Salehi; Mohammadreza Hojat
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Emerging adulthood is a critical developmental period where individuals are particularly vulnerable to loneliness, a condition with significant mental health risks. While quantitative research has documented its prevalence, a synthesized understanding of the lived experience ...
Read More
Introduction and Objective: Emerging adulthood is a critical developmental period where individuals are particularly vulnerable to loneliness, a condition with significant mental health risks. While quantitative research has documented its prevalence, a synthesized understanding of the lived experience remains fragmented. This study aimed to address this gap by conducting the first meta-synthesis of qualitative research to develop a comprehensive, multi-layered model of the loneliness experience in emerging adults.Research Methodology: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of international and Iranian databases was conducted. From an initial pool of documents, nine primary qualitative studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings of these studies were analyzed and integrated using Thomas and Harden's thematic synthesis approach.Findings: The analysis yielded 11 descriptive themes and four higher-order analytical themes, revealing that the experience of loneliness is: (1) complex and ambiguous, (2) a fluctuating phenomenon, (3) characterized by diverse pathways, and (4) deeply intertwined with sociocultural pressures.Conclusion: Loneliness in emerging adults is a dynamic experience shaped by both intrapsychic factors and formidable social norms. This finding underscores the need for holistic interventions that move beyond social skills training to address relationship quality and the capacity to cope with normative pressures.
