Research Paper
Ahmad Borjali; Hasan Taheri
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Loneliness, a subjective feeling of social isolation and disconnection, has emerged as a significant public health concern with wide-ranging implications. This review aims to comprehensively examine loneliness as a public health issue, exploring its associated health risks, ...
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Introduction and Objective: Loneliness, a subjective feeling of social isolation and disconnection, has emerged as a significant public health concern with wide-ranging implications. This review aims to comprehensively examine loneliness as a public health issue, exploring its associated health risks, underlying mechanisms, and potential interventions.Research Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted using various databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Studies investigating the health implications of loneliness, its underlying mechanisms, and potential interventions were included.Findings: The review highlights a strong association between loneliness and increased mortality risk, comparable to that of smoking and obesity. Loneliness is also linked to a heightened risk of various physical and mental health problems, including cardiovascular disease, dementia, depression, and anxiety. The underlying mechanisms linking loneliness to poor health outcomes involve dysregulation of the stress response system, impaired immune function, and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. Interventions targeting social connection and support have shown promise in reducing loneliness and improving health outcomes.Discussion and Conclusion: Loneliness represents a significant public health challenge with serious consequences for individuals and society. Addressing loneliness requires a multi-faceted approach encompassing public awareness campaigns, community-based interventions, and healthcare provider training. Future research should focus on identifying effective interventions and tailoring them to diverse populations. It is imperative to recognize loneliness as a public health priority and implement comprehensive strategies to promote social connection and well-being.
Research Paper
Nader Mansouri; Fatteme Raiisi; Hamed Moqaddam
Abstract
A thorough understanding of how people with schizophrenia experience critical situations such as an epidemic seems important. Therefore, this research was conducted to analyze the lived experiences of patients with schizophrenia residing in the care center during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method of ...
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A thorough understanding of how people with schizophrenia experience critical situations such as an epidemic seems important. Therefore, this research was conducted to analyze the lived experiences of patients with schizophrenia residing in the care center during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method of the present study was a qualitative phenomenological type. Schizophrenia patients who were kept in Sarai Ehsan Rehabilitation Center were selected purposefully. Based on the rule of theoretical saturation, sampling continued until 31 patients. The data collection method was a semi-structured interview. The analysis method was based on Colaizzi's point of view and the data was manually analyzed by the researchers of this study. Data analysis led to the identification of 308 primary codes. Five main themes; The perception and causes of the disease from the perspective of the patients, the views of the patients about quarantine, feelings and emotions during the period of quarantine and illness, the actions of the patients during the period of quarantine and illness and the way of obtaining information about the disease were obtained. These main themes had 32 sub-themes. It seems the Coronavirus pandemic and the resulting quarantine can affect the experiences of patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatrists and clinical psychologists should use the findings of this study in the treatment of schizophrenic patients in the conditions of infectious disease outbreaks.
Research Paper
Mahshid Pourhosein; soqra ebrahimighavam; Mehdi Aslanzadeh; Majid Firouzkouhi berenj abadi
Abstract
The integration of scientometric techniques into the study of Eye Tracking measurement represents an innovative approach, offering researchers a comprehensive view of the field's evolution and scholarly impact. This study seeks to analyze and visualize the international scientific contributions related ...
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The integration of scientometric techniques into the study of Eye Tracking measurement represents an innovative approach, offering researchers a comprehensive view of the field's evolution and scholarly impact. This study seeks to analyze and visualize the international scientific contributions related to Eye Tracking by leveraging VOSviewer software. A thorough search of the Web of Science database yielded a total of 4,370 articles, which were analyzed to map the development and trends in this research area.The findings reveal a significant increase in research output related to Eye Tracking from 1990 to 2021, with a marked surge in publications over the last decade. This growing interest underscores the field's expanding relevance and application. The most prevalent keywords identified include Eye-tracking, Movements, Information, Attention, Perception, Children, and Performance. These keywords highlight the diverse aspects of Eye Tracking research, from basic cognitive processes to applied domains.The evolution of keyword trends demonstrates a shift in focus from initial studies addressing psychological disorders to more recent research on executive functions and cognitive processes. This progression extends into practical applications in education, marketing, and technology. The study’s findings provide valuable insights for future research directions, emphasizing the need for further exploration into emerging applications and interdisciplinary connections within the Eye Tracking domain. This analysis not only charts the historical trajectory of Eye Tracking research but also identifies current trends and potential future avenues for investigation, contributing to a deeper understanding of the field’s development and impact.
Research Paper
Mehdi Pourrezaeian
Abstract
Negative body image is one of the most common problems in women, which is associated with various psychological disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, anorexia and bulimia nervosa and depression. It seems that this problem is a psycho-social problem and therefore group psychotherapies ...
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Negative body image is one of the most common problems in women, which is associated with various psychological disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, anorexia and bulimia nervosa and depression. It seems that this problem is a psycho-social problem and therefore group psychotherapies can be useful methods to treat this problem. Despite the features that can make psychodrama a suitable method for the treatment of negative body image, so far this method has been rarely used in various studies. Therefore, the main aim of the present study is to investigate the effectiveness of group psychodrama on the modulation of negative body image in a group of girls. 15 girls with negative body image aged 18 to 22 years participated in the present randomized controlled trial. Eight girls in the intervention group and seven ones in the control group were randomly assigned. The intervention group participated in 12 sessions of group psychodrama and the control group waited for the treatment. The score of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) was the criterion of evaluation of the group psychodrama effectiveness. The results showed that group psychodrama was significantly effective in modifying the negative body image of the participants. The findings indicate the effectiveness of group psychodrama to moderate the negative body image, and showed the feasibility of using this method in the similar problems.
Research Paper
ali mohammadzadeh; fariba Soltani Shahgoli; Hoorieh Farsad Khatibi; Mina Golkarian
Abstract
Objective: The Multidimensional Orientation Toward Dying and Death Inventory (MODDI-F) is a 47-item self-report scale. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the MODDI-F in a sample of Muslims. Method: In this study, which was a cross-sectional design, 465 individuals (220 men and ...
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Objective: The Multidimensional Orientation Toward Dying and Death Inventory (MODDI-F) is a 47-item self-report scale. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the MODDI-F in a sample of Muslims. Method: In this study, which was a cross-sectional design, 465 individuals (220 men and 245 women) were selected by random sampling and completed the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), the Death Obsession Scale (DOS), the Death Depression Scale (DDS), and the MODDI-F. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis and multiple analyses of variance (MANOVA). Results: The factor analysis results using principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the MODDI-F was a multidimensional scale and four factors including fear of oneself death, fear of other’s death, death loneliness, and death acceptance explained the most variances respectively. Females had higher scores on the MODDI-F than males. In order to examine concurrent validity of the MODDI-F, the relations of the MODDI-F to the DAS, the DOS, and the DDS were investigated. The results showed that the MODDI-F had an appropriate concurrent validity. In addition, three types of reliability (test-retest, split-half, and internal consistency) were reported.Conclusion: Considering desirable psychometric properties of the MODDI-F in the present study, this scale can be used in research on death among Iranian people.
