نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار و معلونت آموزشی پژوهشکده خانواده دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

3 دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران،پژوهشگاه آموزش پزشکی. تهران، ایران.

4 گروه روانشناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ، تهران، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
هدف: شرم از جمله هیجانات خودآگاه است که نقش مهمی در زندگی انسان دارد. با توجه نقص دانش بافتاری و فرهنگ محور در این زمینه، پژوهش حاضر با هدف تبیین مفهوم شرم در جمعیت غیربالینی و ارائه مدل مفهومی برای آن انجام شده است.
روش: پژوهش حاضر یک تحقیق کیفی از نوع داده بنیاد است. مشارکت‌کنندگان در این پژوهش شامل 16 نفر (8 مرد و 8 زن) بود که انتخاب افراد در ابتدا به صورت هدف‌مند و در ادامه بر اساس نمونه‌گیری نظری انجام شده است. روش جمع‌آوری داده‌ها مصاحبه بدون ساختار بود. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از روش کوربین و استراوس (2014) و از نرم افزار (2018) MAXQDA استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس یافته‌های این پژوهش، سه مقولۀ اصلی در توصیف مشارکت‎کنندگان از تجربۀ شرم عبارت بود از «قضاوت درونی‎شده»، «سرافکندگی» و «خودواقعی نبودن». به علاوه تجربۀ شرم همراه بوده است با راهبردهای متنوعی که برای پیشگیری از شرم یا خلاصی از آن استفاده می‌شده است. پیامد این راهبردها در دو مقولۀ «خودواقعی نبودن» و «نگرش منفی به خود» با سه زیر مقولۀ «بی‌عرضگی»، «کافی نبودن» و«متفاوت بودن» خلاصه گردید.
نتیجه‌گیری: در این مطالعه شرم در جمعیت غیربالینی با ژرفای بیشتری بررسی شد که نتایج آن نشان دهنده تأثیر چشمگیر این هیجان بر کیفیت زندگی افراد بود و بر اهمیت اقدامات آموزشی در مدیریت این هیجان تاکید داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A grounded theory study of shame in non-clinical population

نویسندگان [English]

  • morteza keshmiri 1
  • Freshteh Mootabi 2
  • ladan fata 3
  • Mohsen Kachoeei 4

1 Faculty of Psychology, School of Humanities, University of Sciences and Culture, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant professor of Clinical Psychology

3 Center of Medical Education -Iran University of Medical Sciences and health services (IUMS), Tehran, Iran

4 Faculty of Psychology. school of Humanities. University if Sciences and Culture.Tehran.Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
Purpose: Shame is one of the self-conscious emotions that play an important role in human life. Due to the lack of contextual and cultural knowledge in this field, the present study aimed to explain the concept of shame in the non-clinical population and to provide a conceptual model for it.
Method: This was a qualitative research study, which was performed
using the grounded theory method. Participants included 16 adults (8 men and 8 women). The selection of participants was initially purposeful and then based on theoretical sampling. Data were collected using unstructured in-depth interviews. Corbin and Strauss’ (2014) method and the MAXQDA software (2018) was used to analyze the data.
Findings: According to our results, the three main categories in describing participants' experiences of shame were "internalized judgment", "humiliation" and "duplicity". Also, the experience of shame has been associated with a variety of strategies that they used to avoid or get rid of shame. The consequences of these strategies were summarized in two categories: "duplicity" and "negative attitude toward self" along with three subcategories: "incompetence", "inadequacy" and "being different".
Conclusions: shame in the non-clinical population was studied in more depth, the results of which showed a significant effect of this emotion on the quality of life. The importance of educational interventions in managing this emotion is also discussed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Shame
  • Emotion
  • self-conscious emotion. Grounded theory
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