نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی روان شناسی بالینی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ

2 استادیار روان‌شناسی دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ

3 متخصص بیماری‌های داخلی، مسئول فنی مرکز درمان سوء مصرف مواد بیژن، تهران، ایران

چکیده

بازی درمانی شیوه­ای از فرایند تغییر رفتار در کودک است که بر تعامل والدین و کودک مبتنی می­باشد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر تعیین اثر بخشی گروه درمانی رابطه والد-کودک بر کاهش پرخاشگری در کودکان دارای والدین تحت درمان نگهدارنده با متادون می­باشد. در یک کارآزمایی بالینی با پیش­آزمون، پس­آزمون و گروه کنترل، در خلال آذر ماه 1393 لغایت آبان ماه 1394 ، از میان خانواده­های دو والد تنی دارای مادر تحت درمان متادون مراجعه کننده به دو کلینیک درمان متادون در تهران که دارای فرزندانی در بازه سنی 8-5 سال بودند، 85  مادر به­طور هدفمند انتخاب شدند و پس از انجام غربالگری بر اساس شاخص پرخاشگری،50 کودک که بر اساس پرسشنامه پرخاشگری شهیم و با توجه به نقطه برش مفروض بالاترین نمرات را کسب نمودند، پس از انجام مصاحبه بالینی وارد فرایند پژوهش شدند. آزمودنی­ها به­طور تصادفی و از طریق نرم افزار اکسل آفیس در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل تخصیص یافتند (هر گروه 25 نفر). برنامه درمانی بر اساس مدل لندرث و براتون به مدت 10 جلسه 45 دقیقه­ای به گروه آزمایش ارائه شد و گروه کنترل در لیست انتظار قرار گرفت. دو هفته پیش و پس از فرایند درمان آزمودنی­ها توسط پرسشنامه پرخاشگری (میزان پاسخ دهی=94%) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. از فرایند جلسات درمانی رونوشت برداشته شد و داده­های کیفی به وسیله نرم افزار اطلس تی آی 5 تحلیل شدند. همچنین داده­های کمی با استفاده از آزمون کای اسکوئر و تحلیل کواریانس چند متغیره مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که بازی درمانی موجب کاهش شاخص پرخاشگری در هر سه مولفه جسمانی، کلامی و رابطه ای در کودکان می­شود (001/0>p). یافته­ها این تحقیق می­تواند در اثرگذاری مداخلات روان شناختی به عنوان رویکردی مستقل و یا مکمل در کنار درمان­های دارویی در کودکان دارای اختلالات رفتاری و روان پزشکی حائز اهمیت و دارای کاربردهای بالینی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Behavioral Problems and Psychological Treatments, the Effectiveness of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy -Based Play Therapy Training on Aggression in Children, a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

نویسندگان [English]

  • ali akbar soleimani 1
  • Ali Soleymani 2
  • Kambiz Pirnia 3

چکیده [English]

Play -therapy is a method of changing the child's behavior in which the parent-child interaction is emphasized. The aim of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of play-therapy training based on parent-child relationship on reducing aggression in children with parents under Methadone maintenance treatment. The present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group. All children with parents under Methadone maintenance treatment in age range of 5 to 8 years in Tehran consisted the statistical population of the study. Thus, among 85 mothers that were selected using purposeful sampling method and were willing to cooperate in the study and participate the classes, 50 children who got the score higher than the cut-off point in Relational and clear Aggression Questionnaire by Shahim and were diagnosed of having aggression syndrome, were selected and assigned into experimental (25 individuals) and control (25 individuals) groups. Child-parent group therapy based on Landerth and Braton model was implemented for ten 45-minute sessions as an independent variable. Data were gathered using Relational and Overt Aggression Questionnaire and were analyzed using covariance analysis test and SPSS-18 software. The results showed play-therapy reduced aggression index in physical, verbal and relational components in children (p<0.001). These findings can influence psychological interventions as an independent approach or complement the medical treatment of children with behavioral disorders and psychiatric and clinical applications is important.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Parent-child relationship group therapy
  • Relational aggression
  • Clear aggression
  • Physical aggression
  • Methadone maintenance treatment
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