Sudeh Esmaili Alamuti؛ Ahmad Borjali؛ Hossein Eskandari؛ Mohammad Reza Mohammadi؛ Mohammad Asgari
چکیده
Objective: An important cognitive control process is the ability to inhibit, that mature at different rates during childhood to adolescence. The aim of our research was to construct and validate computer-based Stroop animal size test in children for measuring selective attention and response inhibition.
Research Methodology: In this survey study, we prepared the test, after the approval of experts and software development, at first test-retest reliability with a two week was evaluated in a separate sample (N=50, 5-12 years old children), then data was collected from 92 children 5-12 years old ...
بیشتر
Objective: An important cognitive control process is the ability to inhibit, that mature at different rates during childhood to adolescence. The aim of our research was to construct and validate computer-based Stroop animal size test in children for measuring selective attention and response inhibition.
Research Methodology: In this survey study, we prepared the test, after the approval of experts and software development, at first test-retest reliability with a two week was evaluated in a separate sample (N=50, 5-12 years old children), then data was collected from 92 children 5-12 years old (46 girls and 46 boys) included 22 children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) studied in the academic year 2022-2023 in Alborz province. Participants decided the real size of animals by pressing response keys on computer. ANOVA, Multivariate analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients and Cronbach α were used to assess reliability and validity (p<0.05).
Findings: The findings showed test-retest reliability in significant range (p<0.01). The correlation was high for Stroopnum, (r=0.83), Inconsistent answers, (r=0.72), Wrong answers, (r=0.89) but lower for Consistent answers, (r=0.28) and Reaction time, (r=0.41). To assess the internal consistency, Cronbach Alpha 0.91 computed. ANOVA analysis for comparing children's function in different age groups was (p<0.000).
Conclusion: Multivariate analysis was used in comparing children with ADHD to the control group, results showed significant difference between groups in Stroop components, (p<0.007). This computerized Stroop animal size test had satisfactory reliability and validity, that can measure cognitive functions such as selective attention and inhibition in children.
Ehsan Matinfar؛ Imanollah Bigdeli؛ Ali Mashhadi
چکیده
Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), have been considered as an index of cognitive control deficiency. The aim of this study was to investigate whether enhancing cognitive control over emotional stimuli can decrease worry intrusions and severity of GAD symptoms. Based on the results of structured clinical interview for the DSM-5 (SCID), 45 students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM) were who had GAD, chosen to participate in this study. Then they were assigned equally and randomly to three conditions of intervention, control and active cotrol groups; then they completed PSWQ, GAD-7, ...
بیشتر
Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), have been considered as an index of cognitive control deficiency. The aim of this study was to investigate whether enhancing cognitive control over emotional stimuli can decrease worry intrusions and severity of GAD symptoms. Based on the results of structured clinical interview for the DSM-5 (SCID), 45 students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM) were who had GAD, chosen to participate in this study. Then they were assigned equally and randomly to three conditions of intervention, control and active cotrol groups; then they completed PSWQ, GAD-7, emotional stroop task and Go/No Go task as pre-test. The intervention group received 16 sessions of cognitive-affective control training using emotional stroop with trial-based feedback, also the active control group received the same amount of training sessions of emotional stroop with no feedback, and finally the control group was on a waiting list. After post-test assessments, results of ANCOVA showed that training sessions was effective on stroop performance, reduction in worry intrusions and GAD symptoms, while training in cognitive inhibition did not transfer to behavioral inhibition. Findings revealed that not only cognitive control plays a major role in worry and GAD symptoms, but also cognitive control training might be a promising path to decrease the severity of anxiety disorders. Training with emotional stimuli can enhance performance and using trial-based feedback can pave the way to get better clinical results
فرشته یاقوتی؛ سوگند قاسم زاده؛ غلامعلی افروز
چکیده
مقدمه و هدف: مطالعات نشان میدهند پیشروی اختلال آلزایمر در افراد مبتلا به نشانگان داون همراه با اختلال سریعتر در برخی از کارکردهای اجرایی همراه است. هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه کارکردهای اجرایی بزرگسالان با نشانگان داون با و بدون اختلال آلزایمر میباشد. روش: طرح مطالعه حاضر از نوع علیمقایسهای است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل تمام افراد با نشانگان ...
بیشتر
مقدمه و هدف: مطالعات نشان میدهند پیشروی اختلال آلزایمر در افراد مبتلا به نشانگان داون همراه با اختلال سریعتر در برخی از کارکردهای اجرایی همراه است. هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه کارکردهای اجرایی بزرگسالان با نشانگان داون با و بدون اختلال آلزایمر میباشد. روش: طرح مطالعه حاضر از نوع علیمقایسهای است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل تمام افراد با نشانگان داون بالای 40 سال و نمونه آن شامل 10 فرد یا نشانگان داون با اختلال آلزایمر و 10 فرد با نشانگان داون بدون اختلال آلزایمر(در مجموع 30 نفر) بود که به صورت در دسترس انتخاب و سپس با ابزار کارتهای ویسکانسین و آزمون استروپ ارزیابی شدند. به منظـور مقایسـه گروههای مورد مطالعه از آزمـون تحلیل واریانس چند متغیـره (مانوا) اسـتفاده کردیم. یافتهها: نتایج تحلیل دادههای بهدست آمده نشان داد که بین افراد با نشانگان داون با آلزایمر با افراد با نشانگان داون بدون آلزایمر در هر دو آزمون ویسکانسین و استروپ تفاوت معنیداری وجود دارد. نتیجهگیری: نتایج نشان داد افراد با نشانگان داون با آلزایمر عملکرد ضعیفتری نسبت به گروه دیگر داشتهاند. در واقع کاهش اندازه مخزن شناختی در لوب فرونتال منجر به اختلال زودهنگام سپس پیدایش نشانه هایی از اختلال در کارکردهای اجرایی می شود.