نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.

2 دانشیار روان‌شناسی سلامت، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.

چکیده

افراد مبتلا به افسردگی در کارکردهای شناختی و علائم روان‌شناختی افسردگی، دچار اختلال هستند. افسردگی با سوگیری منفی در جنبه‌های مختلف پردازش اطلاعات مشخص می‌شود که با آسیب‌پذیری در گسترش، سطوح بالاتر علائم افسردگی، ماندگاری و حتی عود افسردگی مرتبط است. روان‌شناسان بر این باور هستند که حافظه شالوده روان‌شناسی شناختی است. حافظه از مهم‌ترین مشکلات شناختی در بیماران مبتلا به افسردگی محسوب می‌شود که اختلال در آن باعث تشدید ناتوانی آنان در انجام عملکرد‌‌های روزانه می‌شود. حافظه شرح‌حال بخشی از حافظه است. پژوهش‌ها نشان داده‌اند که رابطه‌ای قوی بین علائم روان‌شناختی و سوگیری در حافظه شرح‌حال وجود دارد. افسردگی باعث اختلال در این حافظه می‌‌شود به نحوی که افراد افسرده دچار دشواری در بازیابی خاطرات اختصاصی می‌شوند. به عبارت دیگر بیش‌کلی گرایی حافظه شرح‌حال در آن‌ها رخ می‌دهد. با توجه به اهمیت این موضوع در دو دهه گذشته، تحقیقات گسترده‌ای در راستای ارتباط بین افسردگی و حافظه و درمان‌های افسردگی مبتنی بر حافظه انجام‌شده است که بعضا نتایج متناقضی به همراه داشته‌اند. با وجود درمان‌های گسترده دارویی و روانی برای افسردگی در جامعیت و کارآیی این درمان‌ها محدودیت وجود دارد که این‌امر حاکی از نیاز به تحقیقات بیش‌تر در مورد مداخلات مرتبط با افسردگی است. پژوهش حاضر از نوع مقالات مروری سیستماتیک است که از طریق مطالعه کامل45 مقاله در زمینه‌ی هر یک از مداخلات مطرح شده در طول مقاله، حافظه‌شرح حال و افسردگی اساسی گردآوری شده است. هدف از این مطالعه مروری بر مداخلات آموزش محور مبتنی بر حافظه شرح‌حال رویدادی برای بیماران مبتلا به افسردگی است تا بستری برای پژوهش‌های گسترده‌تری در رابطه با هر یک از این مداخلات فراهم شود. در مجموع بررسی‌های انجام شده در این مطالعه حاکی‌از این امر بودند که مداخلات آموزش-محور حافظه شرح حال رویدادی بر روند بهبودی و علائم افسردگی بیماران مبتلا به افسردگی تاثیرات چشمگیری دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Autobiographical episodic memory-based training interventions in patients with major depression

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Vatankhah 1
  • S. M. Hossein Mousavi Nasab 2

1 Master Degree of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, Literature and Humanities Faculty, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, Literature and Humanities Faculty, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.

چکیده [English]

People with depression have impaired cognitive functions and psychological symptoms of depression. Depression is characterized by negative biases in different aspects of information processing that is related to vulnerability for the development, higher levels of depressive symptoms, maintenance and even recurrence of depression. Psychologists believe that memory is the foundation of cognitive psychology. Memory is one of the most important cognitive impairments in patients with depression, and its impairment exacerbates their inability to perform daily functions. autobiographical memory is part of the memory. Research has shown that there is a strong link between psychological symptoms and autobiographical memory bias. Depression can lead to impaired memory so that depressed individuals have difficulty retrieving specific memories. In other words, overgeneralization of autobiographical memory occurs. Considering the importance of this issue in the last two decades, extensive research has been done on the relationship between depression and memory, and memory-based depression treatments, which have sometimes yielded contradictory results. Despite these extensive pharmacological and psychological treatments for depression, there are limitations in comprehensiveness and efficacy of these treatments that leads to the need for more research on depression-related interventions. The present study is a systematic review article that has been collected through a complete study of 45 articles in the field of each of the interventions proposed during the article, history of memory and major depression. The aim of this study was to review autobiographical episodic memory-based training interventions for patients with depression to provide a sketch for more extensive research on each of these interventions. Overall, the studies conducted in this study indicated that episodic autobiographical- based memory training interventions have significant effects on the improvement and depressive symptoms in patients with depression.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • depression
  • autobiographical memory
  • competitive memory training
  • working memory training
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