نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه رفتارحرکتی دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگا علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی ورزشی دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

3 گروه روانشناسی ورزشی پژوهشگاه پژوهشگاه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از تکنیک‌های مختلف و عوامل روان‌شناختی نقش مهمی در دست‌یابی به سطح اضطراب بهتر در ورزشکاران دارد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی اثربخشی روش ویم هاف بر روی اضطراب ورزشکاران رشته تیراندازی است. این پژوهش با ماهیتی نیمه تجربی و کاربردی دارای دو مرحله پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون و دو گروه کنترل و آزمایش بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش، ورزشکاران حاضر در اردوهای تیم ملی تیراندازی تپانچه در سال 1401 در بازه سنی 18 تا 35 سال است. از پرسشنامه اضطراب صفتی، حالتی رقابتی اسپیلبرگر برای سنجش سطح اضطراب استفاده شد. و بر روی گروه آزمایش 16 جلسه پروتکل ویم هاف اجرا شد. سطح اضطراب بالاتر از میانگین قرار دارد (05/0<0). میزان تأثیر یا تفاوت روش ویم هاف بر سطح اضطراب در گروه آزمایش برابر با 890/0 است. به عبارتی 89 درصد تفاوت های فردی در نمرات اضطراب گروه آزمایش مربوط به تأثیر روش ویم هاف است. همچنین در اضطراب صفت و اضطراب رقابتی زنان میزان اضطراب بیشتری را تجربه می‌کنند (05/0<0). نتایج نشان داد ورزشکاران تیراندازی میزان اضطراب بالاتر از میانگین را تجربه می‌کنند. روش ویم هاف توانسته که میزان اضطراب رقابتی ورزشکاران تیراندازی را کاهش دهد. با توجه با نتایج این پژوهش روش ویم هاف به‌عنوان یک تمرین منظم جهت کاهش اضطراب توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Wim Hoff's method on state, trait and competitive anxiety of shooting athletes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Esmaeili 1
  • fateme Qezel Seflo 2
  • alireza aghababa 3
  • pouya sofizadeh 2

1 Department of Movement Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education, Allameh Tabataba&#039;i University, Tehran, Iran

2 Master of sports psychology, Faculty of Physical Education, Allameh tabataba&#039;i University, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Sports Psychology, Research Institute of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The use of different techniques and psychological factors play an important role in achieving a better level of anxiety in athletes. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of the Wim Hoff method on the anxiety of shooting athletes. This research, with a semi-experimental and applied nature, had two pre-test-post-test stages and two control and experimental groups. The statistical population of this research is the athletes present in the camps of the national pistol shooting team in 2022 in the age range of 18 to 35. Spielberger's trait anxiety questionnaire was used to measure the level of anxiety. And 16 sessions of the Wim Hoff protocol were performed on the experimental group. The level of anxiety is higher than the average (<0.05). The effect or difference of the Wim Hoff method on the level of anxiety in the experimental group is equal to 0.890. In other words, 89% of the individual differences in the test group's anxiety scores are related to the effect of the Wim Hoff method. Also, in trait anxiety and competitive anxiety, women experience more anxiety (<0.05).
The results showed that shooting athletes experience higher than average levels of anxiety. Wim Hoff's method was able to reduce the level of competitive anxiety of shooting athletes. According to the results of this research, the Wim Hoff method is recommended as a regular exercise to reduce anxiety.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Wim Hoff method
  • anxiety
  • relaxation
  • breathing control
  • shooting
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