Research Paper
Akbar Zare' Shahabadi; Fatemeh Ebrahimi Sadrabadi
Volume 4, Issue 13 , December 2013, Pages 1-22
Abstract
Diabetes refers to complex chronic metabolic conditions that are characterized by elevated levelsof blood glucose if untreated. Diabetes is one of the biggest health problems faced with many people living in Yazd. The disease rate in Yazd is twice as high as the country’s average rate. Patient's ...
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Diabetes refers to complex chronic metabolic conditions that are characterized by elevated levelsof blood glucose if untreated. Diabetes is one of the biggest health problems faced with many people living in Yazd. The disease rate in Yazd is twice as high as the country’s average rate. Patient's self-care behaviors have a major role in diabetes management. Such self-care activities can be exceedingly demanding and often require fundamental lifestyle changes. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of cognitive factors in controlling and treating type 2 diabetes. The statistical society of the study included 4990 diabetic patients who referred to Yazd Diabetes Research Center. A sample of 256 patients was selected using Cochran’s formula and simple random sampling. Subjects then had structured interviews. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, ttest, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. Significant correlations were found between self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, duration of the disease and adherence to self-care. Adherence to self-care activities was greater among older, moreeducated and upper-income patients. Also, a total of 27% of variance in self-care behavior can be explained by duration of diabetes and selfefficacy.
Research Paper
Hamid Khanipour; Ahmad Borjali; Parvaneh Mohammadkhani; Faramarz Sohrabi
Volume 4, Issue 13 , December 2013, Pages 23-42
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine effectiveness of Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on depression and rumination symptoms in individuals with a major depression records. The study employed a single-case design with multiple baselines. MBCT was given to 4 patients with major depressive disorder ...
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The aim of this study was to examine effectiveness of Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on depression and rumination symptoms in individuals with a major depression records. The study employed a single-case design with multiple baselines. MBCT was given to 4 patients with major depressive disorder over eight 1-hour sessions, and a follow-up was carried out one month later. Instruments used were the depression questionnaire, Beck depression inventory and the rumination response scale. Results showed that depression and rumination symptoms in the patients were reduced by 78 and 48 percent, respectively. The results were clinically significant for three patients. The study suggests that MBCT given in the form of individualized sessions can be an effective treatment for patients with major depressive disorder.
Research Paper
Parvin Eslami; Gholamreza Manshaee; Zahra Hajebrahimi
Volume 4, Issue 13 , December 2013, Pages 43-62
Abstract
Aviophobia is a common debilitating fear of flying with millions of people being impacted by it around the world. The present study aimed to examine effectiveness of virtual reality exposure therapy in alleviating fear of flying in patients with aviophobia. The study followed an empirical method with ...
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Aviophobia is a common debilitating fear of flying with millions of people being impacted by it around the world. The present study aimed to examine effectiveness of virtual reality exposure therapy in alleviating fear of flying in patients with aviophobia. The study followed an empirical method with pretest, posttest and a control group. The statistical society consisted of 40 individuals with aviophobia who had been referred to Tehran Aerospace Research Institute by counseling centers and by Tehran Mehrabad Airport. Twenty patients were selected using random sampling and divided into an experimental (9 females and 1 male) and a control (10 females) group. The experimental group received ten individual 20-minute sessions of virtual reality exposure therapy over five weeks. The Aviophobia questionnaire was administered both before and after the intervention in both the experimental and the control groups. The data were analyzed using Covariance analysis and two-way ANOVA. Results indicated that the virtual reality therapeutic method had a significant effect in alleviating fear of flying. Results of the follow-up examination showed that the effect still lasted in two months. The study suggests that a virtual reality exposure therapy can have significant, reliable and sustaining effects on alleviating fear of flying
Research Paper
Saeedeh Zomorrodi; Seyyed Kazem Rasoulzadeh Tabataba’i
Volume 4, Issue 13 , December 2013, Pages 63-88
Abstract
The study aimed to make a comparison between effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based therapy in improving quality of life of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The study followed a quasi-experimental design with three groups a pre-test and a final test. Group sizes ...
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The study aimed to make a comparison between effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based therapy in improving quality of life of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The study followed a quasi-experimental design with three groups a pre-test and a final test. Group sizes were decided considering the fact that the study was a pilot project and that some subjects might discontinue their participation. Thus, 36 patients (20 males and 16 females) with IBS (diagnosed using Rome III process) were chosen using convenient sampling and then randomly divided into two study and one control groups (each with 12 patients). The IBS-QOL34 questionnaire was administered in the three groups as the pre-test. The questionnaire was administered as the post-test in the three groups two months later. All results were analyzed using statistical methods. After results of the control group and influence of the pretest were omitted, ANCOVA showed that there was a significant difference between effects of the two therapy methods (p <0/05). The LSD post-hoc test also showed a significant difference between effectiveness of the mindfulness-based therapy compared to that of the cognitive-behavioral therapy (p <0/05). It can be suggested based on the basis of the results that the new method of psychotherapy in treating patients with IBS should be considered, because the old therapy is not always effective or even promising. and it can thus be used as a new treatment method for individuals with aviophobia.
Research Paper
Salar Faramarzi; Valiyollah Karamimanesh; Morteza Mahmoudi
Volume 4, Issue 13 , December 2013, Pages 89-106
Abstract
Mental disability of children is a source of stress which threatens mental health of the family and affects different aspects of the family life. Various methods have been developed for helping affected families, among which psychological interventions have a special place. The present study aimed to ...
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Mental disability of children is a source of stress which threatens mental health of the family and affects different aspects of the family life. Various methods have been developed for helping affected families, among which psychological interventions have a special place. The present study aimed to offer a meta-analysis of effectiveness of psychological interventions in mental health of families who have children with mental disabilities. The method used was meta-analysis. Twenty five papers were reviewed and 11selected for the analysis, the total number of subjects in which was 712. Based on the results, the effect size was 0.25, which indicates a below average rate according to Cohen’s table. It can therefore be suggested that psychological interventions have a positive effect on mental health of families who have children with mental disabilities, and that the interventions can be used as a method for improving mental health of such families. The interventions, however, need to be supplemented by other support interventions.
Research Paper
Bakhtiar Molkari; Nader Karmian; Kioumars Farahbakhsh; Masoumeh Esmaili
Volume 4, Issue 13 , December 2013, Pages 107-120
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze emotional and familial situations of injured victims of the chemical air attack on city of Sardasht. The study employed a qualitative (interpretive) design and the statistical population included all injured victims of Sardasht chemical air attack. The sample ...
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The aim of the present study was to analyze emotional and familial situations of injured victims of the chemical air attack on city of Sardasht. The study employed a qualitative (interpretive) design and the statistical population included all injured victims of Sardasht chemical air attack. The sample consisted of 15 men and 15 women, chosen through convenient sampling. Semi-structured interviews were used for examining the sample population’s emotional and familial situation. Data were analyzed using categorizing and coding. Results suggested that the following complaints were common among the majority of the population: inability in communicating with others, inability in expressing emotions, changes in mood, humiliation, irritability, horrible nightmares, emotional dependence, lack of close relationships among family members, family fights, dissatisfaction with spouse, dissatisfaction with one’s parental role, and failed relationships with one’s children. The study suggests that the chemical air attack has widely incurred numerous emotional and familial problems on the injured victims, who are in urgent need of supportive interventions offered by people and the government.
Research Paper
Roshanak Khodabakhsh Pirkalani; Hanieh Rahim Jamarouni
Volume 4, Issue 13 , December 2013, Pages 121-147
Abstract
The study aimed to examine effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in combination with stress reduction based on mindfulness in reducing anxiety and automatic thoughts and improving general health of a patient with generalized anxiety disorder. The study used a singlesubject A-B design to determine ...
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The study aimed to examine effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in combination with stress reduction based on mindfulness in reducing anxiety and automatic thoughts and improving general health of a patient with generalized anxiety disorder. The study used a singlesubject A-B design to determine the mixed effects of the interventions on the subject. The subject completed Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) in both phase A (baseline) and phase B (last treatment session). The patient’s BAI score decreased from 45 in stage A to 30 in the fifth session, 16 in the tenth session and 10 in the final phase. Results from HARS, ATQ and GHQ also indicated significant decreases in the patient’s scores. The study suggests that a mixed intervention consisting of a cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with mindfulness-based stress reduction can have positive effects on treating generalized anxiety disorder.
